Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33441867›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Molecular mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effects of Sophorae Flavescentis Aiton identified by network pharmacology.

Naiqiang Zhu, Jingyi Hou

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Exploring the Potential Mechanisms of Action ofCombinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Naiqiang ZhuDepartment of Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, China.
Jingyi HouDepartment of Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, China. hjy_2016@126.com.
Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Inflammation, a protective response against infection and injury, involves a variety of biological processes. Sophorae Flavescentis (Kushen) is a promising Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for treating inflammation, but the pharmacological mechanism of Kushen's anti-inflammatory effect has not been fully elucidated. The bioactive compounds, predicted targets, and inflammation-related targets of Kushen were obtained from open source databases. The "Component-Target" network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were constructed, and hub genes were screened out by topological analysis. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed on genes in the PPI network. Furthermore, nitric oxide (NO) production analysis, RT-PCR, and western blot were performed to detect the mRNA and protein expression of hub genes in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. An immunofluorescence assay found that NF-κB p65 is translocated. A total of 24 bioactive compounds, 465 predicted targets, and 433 inflammation-related targets were identified and used to construct "Component-Targets" and PPI networks. Then, the five hub genes with the highest values-IL-6, IL-1β, VEGFA, TNF-α, and PTGS2 (COX-2)- were screened out. Enrichment analysis results suggested mainly involved in the NF-κB signaling pathway. Moreover, experiments were performed to verify the predicted results. Kushen may mediate inflammation mainly through the IL-6, IL-1β, VEGFA, TNF-α, and PTGS2 (COX-2), and the NF-κB signaling pathways. This finding will provide clinical guidance for further research on the use of Kushen to treat inflammation.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsCell LineCyclooxygenase 2Drugs, Chinese HerbalGene OntologyInflammationInterleukin-1betaInterleukin-6Medicine, Chinese TraditionalMiceMolecular Docking SimulationNF-kappa BProtein Interaction MapsRAW 264.7 CellsRNA, MessengerAnti-Inflammatory AgentsCyclooxygenase 2Drugs, Chinese HerbalInterleukin-1betaInterleukin-6kushenNF-kappa BRNA, MessengerTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaVascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Identifiers

PMID33441867
PMCPMC7806711
OpenAlexW3119585444

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.