ArticleScientific reports2021
The mammalian efferent vestibular system utilizes cholinergic mechanisms to excite primary vestibular afferents.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Persistence of vestibular function in the absence of glutamatergic transmission from hair cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Electrophysiological Characterization of Murine Vestibular Efferent Neurons and Modulation by Acute Peripheral Vestibular Deprivation.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- Interferon α2b Selectively Modulates Ionotropic AMPA, but not NMDA Receptors of the Glutamatergic Synapse of the Vestibular Apparatus.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2025Article
- A New Perspective to Interpret How the Vestibular Efferent System Correlates the Complexity of Routine Balance Maintenance with Management of Emergency Fall Prevention Strategies.Audiology research · 2024Article
- Aged mice are less susceptible to motion sickness and show decreased efferent vestibular activity compared to young adults.Brain and behavior · 2023Article
- Molecular and Functional Changes to Postsynaptic Cholinergic Signaling in the Vestibular Sensory Organs of Aging C57BL/6 Mice.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023Article
- Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors Modulate HCN Channel Properties in Vestibular Ganglion Neurons.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- Editorial: Commonalities and Differences in Vestibular and Auditory Pathways.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Drug-Drug Interactions in Vestibular Diseases, Clinical Problems, and Medico-Legal Implications.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Loss of α-9 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunit Predominantly Results in Impaired Postural Stability Rather Than Gaze Stability.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Article
- The Long and Winding Road-Vestibular Efferent Anatomy in Mice.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2021Article
- Differences in the Structure and Function of the Vestibular Efferent System Among Vertebrates.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
- Characterizing the Access of Cholinergic Antagonists to Efferent Synapses in the Inner Ear.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Electrical stimulation of the mammalian efferent vestibular system (EVS) predominantly excites primary vestibular afferents along two distinct time scales. Although roles for acetylcholine (ACh) have been demonstrated in other vertebrates, synaptic mechanisms underlying mammalian EVS actions are not well-characterized. To determine if activation of ACh receptors account for efferent-mediated afferent excitation in mammals, we recorded afferent activity from the superior vestibular nerve of anesthetized C57BL/6 mice while stimulating EVS neurons in the brainstem, before and after administration of cholinergic antagonists. Using a normalized coefficient of variation (CV*), we broadly classified vestibular afferents as regularly- (CV* < 0.1) or irregularly-discharging (CV* > 0.1) and characterized their responses to midline or ipsilateral EVS stimulation. Afferent responses to efferent stimulation were predominantly excitatory, grew in amplitude with increasing CV*, and consisted of fast and slow components that could be identified by differences in rise time and post-stimulus duration. Both efferent-mediated excitatory components were larger in irregular afferents with ipsilateral EVS stimulation. Our pharmacological data show, for the first time in mammals, that muscarinic AChR antagonists block efferent-mediated slow excitation whereas the nicotinic AChR antagonist DHβE selectively blocks efferent-mediated fast excitation, while leaving the efferent-mediated slow component intact. These data confirm that mammalian EVS actions are predominantly cholinergic.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.