ArticleScientific reports2021
Impact of long-term antiretroviral therapy on gut and oral microbiotas in HIV-1-infected patients.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between antiretroviral therapy and dental caries in children and adolescents with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Dolutegravir restores gut microbiota in late-stage HIV-1 unlike darunavir: an open-label, randomized clinical trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Integrase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy drives gut microbiota remodeling and immune recovery in HIV infection.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Species-level virome profiling reveals compositional differences in the gut prokaryotic DNA virome of people with HIV-1 on antiretroviral therapy.Gut microbes reports · 2026Article
- Interplay Between Oral Microbiota and Mouth Health in People Living With HIV Under Antiretroviral Therapy With or Without Periodontitis.International journal of dentistry · 2026Article
- The Human Virome in Health and Its Remodeling During HIV Infection and Antiretroviral Therapy: A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Human immunodeficiency virus and antiretroviral therapies exert distinct influences across diverse gut microbiomes.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Effect of maternal HIV status on the early neonatal microbiome.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota of sub-Saharan Africa infants exposed to antiretroviral therapy: Scoping review.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2025Article
- Oral Microbiota Dysbiosis in Male HIV Patients: Comparative Analysis of Candidiasis and HPV-Associated Lesions.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Differential effects of switching to integrase strand transfer inhibitors on the gut microbiota and markers of HIV disease progression.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- The human gut microbiome and its metabolic pathway dynamics before and during HIV antiretroviral therapy.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Associations between perinatal HIV-related risk factors and select serum PUFA levels among Ugandan children and adolescents.Public health nutrition · 2025Article
- Anti-HIV-1 HSPC-based gene therapy with safety kill switch to defend against and attack HIV-1 infection.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Article
- Association between gut microbiota in HIV-infected patients and immune reconstitution following antiretroviral therapy (ART).BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Effect of in utero and lactational exposure to antiretroviral therapy on the gut microbial composition and metabolic function in aged rat offspring.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Admission screening for extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales colonization at a referral hospital in Botswana: A one-year period-prevalence survey, 2022-2023.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Traditional Chinese medicine for HIV-related chronic comorbidities: evidence and potential therapeutic mechanisms.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In HIV-1-infected patients, antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a key factor that may impact commensal microbiota and cause the emergence of side effects. However, it is not fully understood how long-term ART regimens have diverse impacts on the microbial compositions over time. Here, we performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of the fecal and salivary microbiomes in patients under different long-term ART. We found that ART, especially conventional nucleotide/nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-based ART, has remarkable impacts on fecal microbial diversity: decreased α-diversity and increased ß-diversity over time. In contrast, dynamic diversity changes in the salivary microbiome were not observed. Comparative analysis of bacterial genus compositions showed a propensity for Prevotella-enriched and Bacteroides-poor gut microbiotas in patients with ART over time. In addition, we observed a gradual reduction in Bacteroides but drastic increases in Succinivibrio and/or Megasphaera under conventional ART. These results suggest that ART, especially NRTI-based ART, has more suppressive impacts on microbiota composition and diversity in the gut than in the mouth, which potentially causes intestinal dysbiosis in patients. Therefore, NRTI-sparing ART, especially integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)- and/or non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-containing regimens, might alleviate the burden of intestinal dysbiosis in HIV-1-infected patients under long-term ART.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.