ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2021
The Main Challenges in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Where Do We Stand?
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- NLR outperforms PLR in SLE diagnosis and prognosis: an AI-enhanced meta-analysis of 12 850 patients with ethnicity-specific cut-offs.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in systemic lupus erythematosus.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Tripterygium glycosides for safely controlling disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Differential methylation of immune-related genes and its clinical significance in systemic lupus erythematosus: insights from TET2, FOXP3, and IFI44L genes.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Antimitochondrial antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus are associated with and predict nephritis, arterial vascular events, and mortality.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2026Article
- Review
- Iron metabolism and ferroptosis: druggable targets to delay the progression of lupus nephritis.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2026Review
- Transforming lupus self-care education with mobile health: A systematic review.Journal of education and health promotion · 2026Review
- Research on a rapid detection method for systemic lupus erythematosus based on Raman spectroscopy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Practical insights for the clinical implementation of the EULAR recommendations for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.RMD open · 2025Article
- Deep learning-driven TCRβ repertoire analysis enhances diagnosis and enables mining of immunological biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematosus.BioData mining · 2025Article
- Targeting Nanotherapeutics for Highly Efficient Diagnosis and Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus through Regulation of Immune Response.Small science · 2025Article
- Prediction of Lupus Classification Criteria via Generative AI Medical Record Profiling.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2025Article
- Diagnosis and activity prediction of SLE based on serum Raman spectroscopy combined with a two-branch Bayesian network.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Performance of the systemic lupus erythematosus risk probability index (SLERPI) in the Egyptian college of rheumatology (ECR) study cohort.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Challenges in Diagnosis and Management of SLE in Africa: An Online Survey.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- Infection-Associated Flares in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus: A scoping review.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an immune-mediated multi-systemic disease characterized by a wide variability of clinical manifestations and a course frequently subject to unpredictable flares. Despite significant advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology and optimization of medical care, patients with SLE still have significant mortality and carry a risk of progressive organ damage accrual and reduced health-related quality of life. New tools allow earlier classification of SLE, whereas tailored early intervention and treatment strategies targeted to clinical remission or low disease activity could offer the opportunity to reduce damage, thus improving long-term outcomes. Nevertheless, the early diagnosis of SLE is still an unmet need for many patients. Further disentangling the SLE susceptibility and complex pathogenesis will allow to identify more accurate biomarkers and implement new ways to measure disease activity. This could represent a major step forward to find new trials modalities for developing new drugs, optimizing the use of currently available therapeutics and minimizing glucocorticoids. Preventing and treating comorbidities in SLE, improving the management of hard-to-treat manifestations including management of SLE during pregnancy are among the remaining major unmet needs. This review provides insights and a research agenda for the main challenges in SLE.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.