ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Ex Vivo Live Full-Thickness Porcine Skin Model as a Versatile In Vitro Testing Method for Skin Barrier Research.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of a serum containing acetyl hexapeptide-8, dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate and gluconolactone on skin biomarkers, wrinkles and skin texture: Ex vivo and clinical studies.International journal of cosmetic science · 2026Article
- Thermogelling Hydrogel for Sustained Topical Delivery of Quercetin for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Article
- Skin absorption and metabolism of [Toxicological research · 2026Article
- Platform for Drug Testing and Studying Rapid-Onset Signaling and Induction of Cellular Phenotypes Ex Vivo.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2025Article
- Novel ethosomal gel formulation for enhanced transdermal delivery of curcumin and cyclosporine: a preclinical approach to rheumatoid arthritis management.Drug delivery · 2025Article
- Nanoparticles Loaded withPharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Establishing anmSphere · 2025Article
- Light-Activatable Hyaluronic Acid-Derivatives Releasing Nitric Oxide and Their Delivery in the Skin.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Integrating large-scale meta-GWAS and PigGTEx resources to decipher the genetic basis of 232 complex traits in pigs.National science review · 2025Article
- Altered Nasal Microbiota-Metabolome Interactions in Allergic Rhinitis: Implications for Inflammatory Dysregulation.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Assessing Anti-Acne PotentialsCurrent drug targets · 2025Review
- Development of an Oral Epithelial Ex Vivo Organ Culture Model for Biocompatibility and Permeability Assessment of Biomaterials.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Validation of the performance of a point of care molecular test for leprosy: From a simplified DNA extraction protocol to a portable qPCR.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Polymeric micelle gel with luliconazole: in vivo efficacy against cutaneous candidiasis in Wistar rats.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Article
- Evaluation of nasogastric tube fixation methods: adhesion, displacement and skin integrity.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2024Article
- Photoactivated Gallium Porphyrin ReducesMolecular pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Methodologies to Evaluate the Hair Follicle-Targeted Drug Delivery Provided by Nanoparticles.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Comparison of structural characteristics and molecular markers of rabbit skin, pig skin, and reconstructed human epidermis for an ex vivo human skin model.Toxicological research · 2023Article
- A Wall Fragment ofPharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Biopolymer Nano-Network for Antimicrobial Peptide Protection and Local Delivery.Advanced healthcare materials · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Since the European Union (EU) announced their animal testing ban in 2013, all animal experiments related to cosmetics have been prohibited, creating a demand for alternatives to animal experiments for skin studies. Here, we investigated whether an ex vivo live porcine skin model can be employed to study the safety and skin barrier-improving effects of hydroxyacids widely used in cosmetics for keratolytic peels. Glycolic acid (1-10%), salicylic acid (0.2-2%), and lactobionic acid (1.2-12%) were used as representative substances for α-hydroxyacid (AHA), β-hydroxyacid (BHA), and polyhydroxyacid (PHA), respectively. When hydroxyacids were applied at high concentrations on the porcine skin every other day for 6 days, tissue viability was reduced to 50-80%, suggesting that the toxicity of cosmetic ingredients can be evaluated with this model. Based on tissue viability, the treatment scheme was changed to a single exposure for 20 min. The protective effects of a single exposure of hydroxyacids on skin barrier function were evaluated by examining rhodamine permeability and epidermal structural components of barrier function using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Lactobionic acid (PHAs) improved skin barrier function most compared to other AHAs and BHAs. Most importantly, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), an important functional marker of skin barrier function, could be measured with this model, which confirmed the significant skin barrier-protective effects of PHAs. Collectively, we demonstrated that the ex vivo live full-thickness porcine skin model can be an excellent alternative to animal experiments for skin studies on the safety and efficacy of cosmetic ingredients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.