Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33440674›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Explainable COVID-19 Detection Using Chest CT Scans and Deep Learning.

Hammam Alshazly, Christoph Linse, Erhardt Barth, Thomas Martinetz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
71citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

71 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Role of Artificial Intelligence in COVID-19 Detection.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Pooled it
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  6. A comparative analysis of different augmentations for brain images.Medical & biological engineering & computing · 2024
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  12. Review
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  19. Deep SVDD and Transfer Learning for COVID-19 Diagnosis Using CT Images.Computational intelligence and neuroscience · 2023
    Article
  20. Review

11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hammam AlshazlyInstitute for Neuro- and Bioinformatics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9942-8642
Christoph LinseInstitute for Neuro- and Bioinformatics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7039-5189
Erhardt BarthInstitute for Neuro- and Bioinformatics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-8556-2472
Thomas MartinetzInstitute for Neuro- and Bioinformatics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-4539-4475

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper explores how well deep learning models trained on chest CT images can diagnose COVID-19 infected people in a fast and automated process. To this end, we adopted advanced deep network architectures and proposed a transfer learning strategy using custom-sized input tailored for each deep architecture to achieve the best performance. We conducted extensive sets of experiments on two CT image datasets, namely, the SARS-CoV-2 CT-scan and the COVID19-CT. The results show superior performances for our models compared with previous studies. Our best models achieved average accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score values of 99.4%, 99.6%, 99.8%, 99.6%, and 99.4% on the SARS-CoV-2 dataset, and 92.9%, 91.3%, 93.7%, 92.2%, and 92.5% on the COVID19-CT dataset, respectively. For better interpretability of the results, we applied visualization techniques to provide visual explanations for the models' predictions. Feature visualizations of the learned features show well-separated clusters representing CT images of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases. Moreover, the visualizations indicate that our models are not only capable of identifying COVID-19 cases but also provide accurate localization of the COVID-19-associated regions, as indicated by well-trained radiologists.

Indexed as

Deep LearningTomography, X-Ray ComputedAlgorithmsCOVID-19Databases, FactualHumansNeural Networks, ComputerRadiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-AssistedSARS-CoV-2ThoraxcoronavirusCOVID-19 detectionexplainable deep learningfeature visualizationSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID33440674
PMCPMC7828058

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.