SynthesisSleep2021
The effect of sleep restriction on cognitive performance in elite cognitive performers: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Sleep, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of sleep deprivation on sports performance and perceived exertion in athletes and non-athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Pooled it
- The Cognitive Costs of Sleep Deprivation in Ultra-Endurance Cycling: Insights From the Race Across France.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Estimated sleep from an under-mattress device predicts next-day vigilance, working memory, and mental arithmetic performance.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2026Article
- The Role of Sleep Quality and Sleepiness in the Relationship Between Cognitive Flexibility and Fatigue.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2025Article
- Sleep and Athletic Performance: A Multidimensional Review of Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Translation, Adaptation, and Validation of the Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire for Persian-Speaking Athletes.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- The Effect of Total Sleep Deprivation on the Cognitive and In-Game Performance of Rocket League Esport Players.Nature and science of sleep · 2024Article
- Physical Activity Patterns, Circadian Rhythms, and Aggressive and Suicidal Behavior among a Larger Sample of the General Population Aged 15 to 34 Years.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Sleep Debt Mediates the Relationship between Work-Related Social Factors, Presenteeism, and Well-Being in Japanese Workers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- A Random Forest approach to identify metrics that best predict match outcome and player ranking in the esport Rocket League.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Physical Activity and Inhibitory Control: The Mediating Role of Sleep Quality and Sleep Efficiency.Brain sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesTo synthesize original articles exploring the effects of sleep restriction on cognitive performance specifically for Elite Cognitive Performers, i.e. those who engage in cognitively demanding tasks with critical or safety-critical outcomes in their occupation or area of expertise.
methodsBackward snowballing techniques, gray literature searches, and traditional database searches (Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PSYCinfo, and SportDiscus) were used to obtain relevant articles. A quality assessment was performed, and the risk of training effects was considered. Results were narratively synthesized. Fourteen articles fit the criteria. Cognitive outcomes were divided into three categories defined by whether cognitive demands were "low-salience," "high-salience stable," or "high-salience flexible."
resultsLow-salience tests (i.e. psychomotor vigilance tasks & serial reaction tests), mainly requiring vigilance and rudimentary attentional capacities, were sensitive to sleep restriction, however, this did not necessarily translate to significant performance deficits on low-salience occupation-specific task performance. High-salience cognitive outcomes were typically unaffected unless when cognitive flexibility was required.
conclusionsSleep restriction is of particular concern to occupations whereby individuals perform (1) simple, low-salience tasks or (2) high-salience tasks with demands on the flexible allocation of attention and working memory, with critical or safety-critical outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.