Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33438504›Full record

ArticleJournal of feline medicine and surgery2021

Reliability of detecting fundus abnormalities associated with systemic hypertension in cats assessed by veterinarians with and without ophthalmology specialty training.

Laura Moretto, Arnold Lavaud, Anja Suter, Christian Günther, Simon Pot, Tony Glaus

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Fundoscopy in cats: a practical guide and common findings.Journal of feline medicine and surgery · 2025
    Review
  2. Manifestations of hypertensive encephalopathy in cats.Journal of feline medicine and surgery · 2023
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Laura MorettoDivision of Cardiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Arnold LavaudDivision of Ophthalmology Section, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-7415-0584
Anja SuterDivision of Ophthalmology Section, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Christian GüntherDivision of Neurology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-8999-1223
Simon PotDivision of Ophthalmology Section, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Tony GlausDivision of Cardiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-2456-9536
University of Zurich · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesSystemic hypertension (SHT) causes severe target organ damage (TOD) and blood pressure (BP) measurement should be routine in at-risk populations. Fundoscopy is a tool to corroborate acute clinical relevance of high BP results and to decide on immediate therapy. Not every cat with a high BP result can be examined by an ophthalmologist. The study objective was to determine the reliability of fundoscopy in cats with SHT performed by a veterinarian without ophthalmology specialty training.

methodsCats with suspicion of hypertensive TOD or belonging to an at-risk population for SHT with a first measurement of elevated BP >160 mmHg were enrolled. Indirect ophthalmoscopy was performed by a recent graduate veterinarian followed by a veterinary ophthalmologist. Confirmation of SHT was based on two additional sets of systolic BP measurements >160 mmHg by Doppler sphygmomanometry.

resultsThirty-three cats were included. SHT was confirmed in 27 cats. SHT was detected on routine examinations in 12/27 cats; fundoscopic lesions were observed in 9/12 by the non-trained veterinarian and in 11/12 by an ophthalmologist. Nine of 27 cats were neurological patients; fundoscopic lesions were detected in 4/9 by the non-trained veterinarian and in 7/9 by an ophthalmologist. Six of 27 cats were presented for acute blindness; fundus lesions were detected in all six cats by the non-trained veterinarian and ophthalmologist. SHT was not confirmed and fundoscopic lesions were not detected by either examiner in 6/33 cats. Compared with a veterinary ophthalmologist, reliability of detecting fundus abnormalities by the non-trained veterinarian was 72% (13/18) for cats with, and 100% (6/6) for cats without, vision. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Fundus examination by a non-specialty trained veterinarian has reasonably high reliability for the detection of ocular TOD. Private practice veterinarians are encouraged to perform an initial fundic examination in suspected hypertensive cats.

Indexed as

Cat DiseasesHypertensionOphthalmologyVeterinariansAnimalsBlood Pressure DeterminationCatsHumansReproducibility of ResultsBlood pressureDoppler sphygmomanometryfeline hypertensive oculopathysituational hypertensiontarget organ damage

Identifiers

PMID33438504
PMCPMC11197128
OpenAlexW3118785613

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.