ArticleACS biomaterials science & engineering2019
Monitoring Oxygen Levels within Large, Tissue-Engineered Constructs Using Porphyin-Hydrogel Microparticles.
Article in ACS biomaterials science & engineering, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Oxygels: Tunable Phosphorescent Hydrogels for Cherenkov-Excited Luminescence Imaging (CELI) of Oxygen.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Three-dimensional oxygen concentration monitoring in hydrogels using low-cost phosphorescence lifetime imaging for tissue engineering.Biomedical optics express · 2023Article
- Fluorescent nano- and microparticles for sensing cellular microenvironment: past, present and future applications.Nanoscale advances · 2023Review
- Biosensors to Monitor Cell Activity in 3D Hydrogel-Based Tissue Models.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A major barrier to the creation of engineered organs is the limited diffusion of oxygen through biological tissues. Advances in biofabrication bring us increasingly closer to complex vascular networks capable of supplying oxygen to large cellularized scaffolds. However, technologies for monitoring oxygen levels in engineered tissues do not accommodate imaging depths of more than a few dozen micrometers. Here, we report the creation of fluorescent porphyrin-hydrogel microparticles that can be used at depths of 2 mm into artificial tissues. By combining an oxygen-responsive porphyrin dye with a reference dye, the microparticles generate a ratiometric signal that is photostable, unaffected by attenuation from biological material, and responsive to physiological change in oxygen concentration. These microparticles can measure long-distance oxygen gradients within 3D, cellularized constructs and accurately report cellular oxygen consumption rates. Furthermore, they are compatible with a number of hydrogel polymerization chemistries and cell types, including primary human cells. We believe this technology will significantly advance efforts to visualize oxygen gradients in cellularized constructs and inform efforts to tissue engineer solid organs.
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Registered trials
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