SynthesisAIDS and behavior2021
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Care Continuum, Barriers, and Facilitators among Black Men Who Have Sex with Men in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in AIDS and behavior, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Barriers and Facilitators Influencing PrEP Uptake Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in the United States: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2026Pooled it
- A web of risk: multilevel factors and feedback loops (re)produce HIV 'risk' among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men - a global systematic review.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2026Pooled it
- Evidence and implication of interventions across various socioecological levels to address pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake and adherence among men who have sex with men in the United States: a systematic review.AIDS research and therapy · 2022Pooled it
- Comparing PrEP use among men who have sex with men with a recent incarceration history.AIDS care · 2025Trial
- HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Use Among South Asian Sexual Minority Men in the United States: Pilot Web-Based Survey Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- A Decade of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Cascade Monitoring: National Trends and Persistent Gaps in PrEP Use Among Gay, Bisexual and Queer Men and Non-Binary People in Australia.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Recommendations from Black gay and bisexual men for developing a public health campaign to promote awareness of long-acting injectable PrEP within their community.Culture, health & sexuality · 2026Article
- Navigating Access to Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): Black Men Who Have Sex With Men (BMSM) Voices Living in HIV Hotspots.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- PROTOCOL: PrEP (Non)Adherence Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: An Overview of Reviews: A Systematic Review.Campbell systematic reviews · 2025Article
- Using Structural Equation Modeling to Examine Barriers and Facilitators of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Willingness and Length of Use in Men Who Have Sex with Men Who Use Substances in Eight Southern US Cities.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2025Article
- Factors Associated with the Awareness of and Willingness to Use HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men, Baltimore, MD, 2017-2019.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Willingness to Use Oral and Long-Acting Injectable PrEP in Substance-Using Men who have Sex with Men (SU-MSM) in High HIV Incidence Southern U.S. Cities: A NIDA Clinical Trials Network Study.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- PrEP Stigma as a Minority Stressor among Black Sexual Minority Men: A Mixed-Methods Study.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Contextual barriers to PrEP uptake and continuation among young Black gay and bisexual men who have sex with men living in the South.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Behavior Change Among HIV-Negative Men Who Have Sex with Men Not Using PrEP in the United States.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Social, Structural, Behavioral, and Clinical Barriers Influencing Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Use Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex with Men in the South: A Qualitative Update to a 2016 Study.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- Opportunities to Increase Access to HIV Prevention: Evaluating the Implementation of Pharmacist-Initiated Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in California.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Persistence in a pharmacist-led, same-day PrEP program in Mississippi: a mixed-methods study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- A Principal Investigator as a PrEP-Using Peer Change Agent for HIV Prevention among Black Gay and Bisexual Men: An Autoethnography.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) represents a viable HIV prevention tool for black men who have sex with men (BMSM). However, aggregated evidence regarding the presentations and determinants of the PrEP continuum (e.g., awareness, willingness, intention, uptake and adherence) remains absent to empirically inform future intervention efforts. We meta-analytically summarized the prevalence and qualitatively synthesized key barriers/facilitators of the stages of the PrEP continuum among a pooled sample of 42,870 BMSM aggregated from 56 published studies. Our random-effect models indicated a pooled prevalence of PrEP awareness (50.8%, 95% CI: 43.6-58.0%, willingness/intention (58.2%, 95% CI: 52.0-68.1%) and uptake (15.5%, 95% CI: 12.8-18.2%). Qualitative summary revealed that perception of HIV risk, intersectional/PrEP-related stigma and medical mistrust were among the most quoted factors that influence PrEP use. BMSM remain underrepresented in key stages of the PrEP continuum. Futures interventions are continuously needed to target multilevel barriers/facilitators to enhance the PrEP continuum among BMSM.
Indexed as
Identifiers
33438151What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.