Observational studyJournal of neurology2021
Central and peripheral nervous system complications of COVID-19: a prospective tertiary center cohort with 3-month follow-up.
Observational study in Journal of neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- ESCMID rapid guidelines for assessment and management of long COVID.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2022Guideline
- Neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Pooled it
- Computer vision based efficient segmentation and classification of multi brain tumor using computed tomography images.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Ocular neuroinflammatory response secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection-a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the cerebrospinal fluid of COVID-19 patients and vaccinated controls: a multicentre study.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- High Frequency of Autoantibodies in COVID-19 Patients with Central Nervous System Complications: a Multicenter Observational Study.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Observational
- Genetic Algorithms for Feature Selection in the Classification of COVID-19 Patients.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Clinical features of COVID-19-related encephalitis: comparison with the features of herpes virus encephalitis and autoimmune encephalitis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Persistent headache and chronic daily headache after COVID-19: a prospective cohort study.The Korean journal of pain · 2024Article
- Neurological diagnoses in hospitalized COVID-19 patients associated with adverse outcomes: A multinational cohort study.PLOS digital health · 2024Article
- A Population-Based Outcome-Wide Association Study of the Comorbidities and Sequelae Following COVID-19 Infection.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2023Article
- Brain Health After COVID-19, Pneumonia, Myocardial Infarction, or Critical Illness.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Neurological complications after COVID-19: A narrative review.eNeurologicalSci · 2023Review
- Meralgia Paresthetica: Relevance, Diagnosis, and Treatment.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2023Review
- An Ethical Analysis Regarding the COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Oral Healthcare in Patients with Mental Disorders.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Catatonia after COVID-19 infection: scoping review.BJPsych bulletin · 2023Article
- Oxidative Damage and Post-COVID Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Cohort of Italian Workers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Features and risk factors of post-COVID-19 syndrome: findings from a longitudinal study in Bangladesh.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2023Article
- Post-COVID-19-associated multiorgan complications or "long COVID" with literature review and management strategy discussion: A meta-analysis.Health science reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo systematically describe central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) nervous system complications in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
methodsWe conducted a prospective, consecutive, observational study of adult patients from a tertiary referral center with confirmed COVID-19. All patients were screened daily for neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms during admission and discharge. Three-month follow-up data were collected using electronic health records. We classified complications as caused by SARS-CoV-2 neurotropism, immune-mediated or critical illness-related.
resultsFrom April to September 2020, we enrolled 61 consecutively admitted COVID-19 patients, 35 (57%) of whom required intensive care (ICU) management for respiratory failure. Forty-one CNS/PNS complications were identified in 28 of 61 (45.9%) patients and were more frequent in ICU compared to non-ICU patients. The most common CNS complication was encephalopathy (n = 19, 31.1%), which was severe in 13 patients (GCS ≤ 12), including 8 with akinetic mutism. Length of ICU admission was independently associated with encephalopathy (OR = 1.22). Other CNS complications included ischemic stroke, a biopsy-proven acute necrotizing encephalitis, and transverse myelitis. The most common PNS complication was critical illness polyneuromyopathy (13.1%), with prolonged ICU stay as independent predictor (OR = 1.14). Treatment-related PNS complications included meralgia paresthetica. Of 41 complications in total, 3 were para/post-infectious, 34 were secondary to critical illness or other causes, and 4 remained unresolved. Cerebrospinal fluid was negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in all 5 patients investigated.
conclusionCNS and PNS complications were common in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, particularly in the ICU, and often attributable to critical illness. When COVID-19 was the primary cause for neurological disease, no signs of viral neurotropism were detected, but laboratory changes suggested autoimmune-mediated mechanisms.
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