ReviewAnnals of translational medicine2020
A narrative review of early surgery versus conventional treatment for infective endocarditis: do we have an answer?
Review in Annals of translational medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Host-Bacterium Interaction Mechanisms inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Changing Patterns in Infective Endocarditis: A Contemporary Epidemiological Perspective.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Infective Endocarditis: A Contemporary Review of Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Avoidable delays in the care of infective endocarditis patients: a priority issue.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Deciphering the Complex Relationships Between the Hemostasis System and Infective Endocarditis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Isolated Pulmonary Valve Endocarditis Caused byAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Breaking the Dogma of Intravenous Treatment for Infective Endocarditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Advancements and Challenges in the Management of Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis: A Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Impact of Psoas Muscle Area Index on Short- and Mid-Term Mortality in Patients Undergoing Valve Surgery for Infective Endocarditis: A Retrospective Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Native Infective Endocarditis: A State-of-the-Art-Review.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Clinical Features and Patient Outcomes in Infective Endocarditis with Surgical Indication: A Single-Centre Experience.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Article
- Bridging Molecular and Clinical Sciences to Achieve the Best Treatment ofMicroorganisms · 2023Review
- In-hospital outcomes of patients undergoing emergent surgical treatment in patients with infective endocarditis.Ulusal travma ve acil cerrahi dergisi = Turkish journal of trauma & emergency surgery : TJTES · 2023Article
- Characterization of patients receiving surgical versus non-surgical treatment for infective endocarditis in West Virginia.PloS one · 2023Article
- Infective Endocarditis in High-Income Countries.Metabolites · 2022Review
- Trends in Managing Cardiac and Orthopaedic Device-Associated Infections by Using Therapeutic Biomaterials.Polymers · 2021Review
- The New Challenge for Heart Endocarditis: From Conventional Prosthesis to New Devices and Platforms for the Treatment of Structural Heart Disease.BioMed research international · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The most appropriate strategy and timing for surgery in infective endocarditis (IE) remains an argument of debate. Despite some authors promote the adoption of an early surgical approach (within 48 hours) to limit mortality and complications, no robust randomized trials are available on this argument and the evidence on this subject remain at the "expert opinion" level. Additionally, the different messages promulgated by the American and European guidelines contributed to fuel confusion regarding the relative priority of the surgical over medical therapy in IE. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines individuates three level of urgency: emergency surgery, to be performed within 24 hours; urgent surgery, recommended within a few days; elective surgery to be performed after 1-2 weeks of antibiotic therapy. Urgent surgery is recommended for most cases of IE. In the American Heart Association (AHA)'s guidelines define early surgery as "during the initial hospitalization and before completion of a full course of antibiotics." Some of the available evidences showed that are no proven benefits in delaying surgery if a definite diagnosis of IE has been established. However, this argument is controversial across the literature and several factors including the center specific experience can play a role in decision-making. In this review the latest evidences on IE clinical and surgical characteristics along with the current studies on the adoption of an early surgical approach are analyzed to clarify whether enough evidence is available to inform an update of the guidelines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.