ArticleScientific reports2021
Body roll amplitude and timing in backstroke swimming and their differences from front crawl at the same swimming intensities.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomechanical, Physiological and Anthropometric Determinants of Backstroke Swimming Performance: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine - open · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of an 8-week technical tethered swimming program on front kinematics in adolescent swimmers.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Effect of Unilateral Forearm Amputation on Fluid Torques and Body Roll in Front Crawl Swimming and the Implications for Performance.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2026Article
- Trunk rotation coordination in front crawl: which segment leads? Three coordination strategies and their dynamic changes across 400-m split progression in elite swimmers.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Effect of Central Motor and Neuromuscular Impairments on Front Crawl Body Roll Characteristics of Para Swimmers.Sports medicine - open · 2025Article
- Effects of different swimming styles on postural assessment in mid-level young swimmers.European journal of translational myology · 2025Article
- Focus on One Swimming Stroke or Compete in Multiple: How Much Specialization Is Needed to Become a World-Class Female Swimmer?Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Accelerometric assessment of fatigue-induced changes in swimming technique in high performance adolescent athletes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Analysis of the fastest backstroke age group swimmers competing in the World Masters Championships 1986-2024.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Velocity Variability and Performance in Backstroke in Elite and Good-Level Swimmers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The Effect of Breathing Laterality on Hip Roll Kinematics in Submaximal Front Crawl Swimming.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The current study investigated body roll amplitude and timing of its peak in backstroke and compared them with front crawl swimming. Nineteen anatomical landmarks were digitised using 80 swimming trial videos (ten swimmers × two techniques × four intensities) recorded by two above- and four below-water cameras. One upper-limb cycle was analysed for each trial, and shoulder and hip roll, whole-body roll (WBR), and WBR due to the buoyant torque (WBR
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.