ReviewJournal of intensive care2021
Energy expenditure and indirect calorimetry in critical illness and convalescence: current evidence and practical considerations.
Review in Journal of intensive care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Blood-Interstitial Fluid Glucose Gap: A Novel Indicator for Assessing Metabolic Status and Mortality Risk in Critically Ill Patients
Metabolism and the Impact of Protein Intake in Chronic Critically Ill Adult Patients: Protocol for a Unicentric Prospective Cohort Study (MetaChronic Study)
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Indirect calorimetry-guided nutrition during weaning from prolonged mechanical ventilation: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Trial
- Predictive Energy Equations Inaccurately Estimate Metabolic Demands of Older Adult Trauma Patients.The Journal of surgical research · 2024Trial
- Personalised energy targeting during venovenous ECMO: serial assessment of resting energy expenditure reveals phase-dependent metabolic demand and systematic discordance with predictive equations.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Article
- Article
- Current concepts on feeding the critically ill patient: a narrative review.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- Time course of energy expenditure in persistent critical illness: a prospective multicentre study.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Observational
- Accuracy of Predictive Formulas vs. Indirect Calorimetry in Estimating Energy Needs of Patients in Intensive Care Units.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Skin COScience advances · 2026Article
- Fueling recovery: evidence-based ICU nutrition and immunonutrition strategies in 2026.Trauma surgery & acute care open · 2026Review
- Phase-Related Resting Energy Expenditure in Critically Ill Adults: Metabolic Phenotypes and Determinants of Weight-Normalized Indices-A Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Towards optimised nutrition therapy after critical illness: a position statement and research framework by the global research initiative on post-intensive care nutrition (GRIP) consortium.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Review
- The metabolic response to stress in critical illness: updated review on the pathophysiological mechanisms, consequences, and therapeutic implications.Annals of intensive care · 2025Review
- Time-course changes in energy expenditure in sepsis: a prospective observational study.Annals of intensive care · 2025Article
- Management of type 1 (acute) intestinal failure.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Energy expenditure measurement in critical care: Implications for personalized nutrition support.World journal of critical care medicine · 2025Article
- Critical illness-implications of non-thyroidal illness syndrome and thyroxine therapy.World journal of critical care medicine · 2025Review
- Metabolic cost of physical rehabilitation in mechanically ventilated patients in critical care: an observational study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Observational
- Nutrition Optimization Among Critically Ill Patients in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- Novel Strategies to Promote Intensive Care Unit Recovery via Personalized Exercise, Nutrition, and Anabolic Interventions.Critical care clinics · 2025Review
- Evaluating the effects of continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration on OAnnals of intensive care · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of indirect calorimetry is strongly recommended to guide nutrition therapy in critically ill patients, preventing the detrimental effects of under- and overfeeding. However, the course of energy expenditure is complex, and clinical studies on indirect calorimetry during critical illness and convalescence are scarce. Energy expenditure is influenced by many individual and iatrogenic factors and different metabolic phases of critical illness and convalescence. In the first days, energy production from endogenous sources appears to be increased due to a catabolic state and is likely near-sufficient to meet energy requirements. Full nutrition support in this phase may lead to overfeeding as exogenous nutrition cannot abolish this endogenous energy production, and mitochondria are unable to process the excess substrate. However, energy expenditure is reported to increase hereafter and is still shown to be elevated 3 weeks after ICU admission, when endogenous energy production is reduced, and exogenous nutrition support is indispensable. Indirect calorimetry is the gold standard for bedside calculation of energy expenditure. However, the superiority of IC-guided nutritional therapy has not yet been unequivocally proven in clinical trials and many practical aspects and pitfalls should be taken into account when measuring energy expenditure in critically ill patients. Furthermore, the contribution of endogenously produced energy cannot be measured. Nevertheless, routine use of indirect calorimetry to aid personalized nutrition has strong potential to improve nutritional status and consequently, the long-term outcome of critically ill patients.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.