Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33435929›Full record

ReviewJournal of biomedical science2021

Insights to SARS-CoV-2 life cycle, pathophysiology, and rationalized treatments that target COVID-19 clinical complications.

Ioannis P Trougakos, Kimon Stamatelopoulos, Evangelos Terpos, Ourania E Tsitsilonis, Evmorfia Aivalioti, Dimitrios Paraskevis, Efstathios Kastritis, George N Pavlakis, Meletios A Dimopoulos

Open access · diamondAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of biomedical science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 148 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
148citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
16.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

148 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 268 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. Early versus late tracheostomy in critically ill COVID-19 patients.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023
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88 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Ioannis P TrougakosDepartment of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Athens, Greece. itrougakos@biol.uoa.gr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6179-2772
Kimon StamatelopoulosDepartment of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528, Athens, Greece.
Evangelos TerposDepartment of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528, Athens, Greece.
Ourania E TsitsilonisDepartment of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Athens, Greece.
Evmorfia AivaliotiDepartment of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528, Athens, Greece.
Dimitrios ParaskevisDepartment of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece.
Efstathios KastritisDepartment of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528, Athens, Greece.
George N PavlakisHuman Retrovirus Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
Meletios A DimopoulosDepartment of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528, Athens, Greece. mdimop@med.uoa.gr.
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens · GRNational Cancer Institute · US

Funding

COVID-19 vaccine developmentZIABC011939 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI PAVLAKIS, GEORGE N. · 2020 to 2022
$2.0M
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGaining further insights into SARS-CoV-2 routes of infection and the underlying pathobiology of COVID-19 will support the design of rational treatments targeting the life cycle of the virus and/or the adverse effects (e.g., multi-organ collapse) that are triggered by COVID-19-mediated adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and/or other pathologies. MAIN BODY: COVID-19 is a two-phase disease being marked by (phase 1) increased virus transmission and infection rates due to the wide expression of the main infection-related ACE2, TMPRSS2 and CTSB/L human genes in tissues of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract, as well as by (phase 2) host- and probably sex- and/or age-specific uncontrolled inflammatory immune responses which drive hyper-cytokinemia, aggressive inflammation and (due to broad organotropism of SARS-CoV-2) collateral tissue damage and systemic failure likely because of imbalanced ACE/ANGII/AT1R and ACE2/ANG(1-7)/MASR axes signaling.

conclusionHere we discuss SARS-CoV-2 life cycle and a number of approaches aiming to suppress viral infection rates or propagation; increase virus antigen presentation in order to activate a robust and durable adaptive immune response from the host, and/or mitigate the ARDS-related "cytokine storm" and collateral tissue damage that triggers the severe life-threatening complications of COVID-19.

Indexed as

COVID-19 Drug TreatmentLife Cycle StagesCOVID-19HumansProto-Oncogene MasSARS-CoV-2Proto-Oncogene MasACE2ARDSCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2TMPRSS2

Identifiers

PMID33435929
PMCPMC7801873
OpenAlexW3120389648

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.