ArticleJournal of the Royal Society, Interface2021
Exit rights open complex pathways to cooperation.
Article in Journal of the Royal Society, Interface, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- The complementary roles of conformity and Q-learning in the prisoner's dilemma with punishment.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2026Article
- Collective effect of self-learning and social learning on language dynamics: a naming game approach in social networks.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2024Article
- An evolutionary game for the behavior of third-party evaluators in pension public-private partnership incorporating public participation.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Super-rational aspiration promotes cooperation in the asymmetric game with peer exit punishment and reward.Heliyon · 2023Article
- The microdynamics shaping the relationship between democracy and corruption.Proceedings. Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2022Article
- Cognitive-Behavioral Differences Between Officials and Folks in China's Targeted Poverty Alleviation: An Evolutionary Game Theory Perspective.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We study the evolutionary dynamics of the Prisoner's Dilemma game in which cooperators and defectors interact with another actor type called exiters. Rather than being exploited by defectors, exiters exit the game in favour of a small pay-off. We find that this simple extension of the game allows cooperation to flourish in well-mixed populations when iterations or reputation are added. In networked populations, however, the exit option is less conducive to cooperation. Instead, it enables the coexistence of cooperators, defectors, and exiters through cyclic dominance. Other outcomes are also possible as the exit pay-off increases or the network structure changes, including network-wide oscillations in actor abundances that may cause the extinction of exiters and the domination of defectors, although game parameters should favour exiting. The complex dynamics that emerges in the wake of a simple option to exit the game implies that nuances matter even if our analyses are restricted to incentives for rational behaviour.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.