ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Effects of Mephedrone and Amphetamine Exposure during Adolescence on Spatial Memory in Adulthood: Behavioral and Neurochemical Analysis.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mephedrone and Its Metabolites: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Cell-Specific Vulnerability of Human Glioblastoma and Astrocytoma Cells to Mephedrone-An In Vitro Study.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Synthetic Cathinones: Epidemiology, Toxicity, Potential for Abuse, and Current Public Health Perspective.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Impact of Mephedrone on Fear Memory in Adolescent Rats: Involvement of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) Receptor.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Use and Chronic Abuse of CNS Stimulants and Anabolic Drugs.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Review
- Novel Dopamine Transporter Inhibitor, CE-123, Ameliorates Spatial Memory Deficits Induced by Maternal Separation in Adolescent Rats: Impact of Sex.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Effects of Treadmill Exercise on Social Behavior in Rats Exposed to Thimerosal with Respect to the Hippocampal Level of GluN1, GluN2A, and GluN2B.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2022Article
- Alteration of Ethanol Reward by Prior Mephedrone Exposure: The Role of Age and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9).International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Central Effects of the Designer Drug Mephedrone in Mice-Basic Studies.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Methamphetamine Exposure in Adolescent Impairs Memory of Mice in Adulthood Accompanied by Changes in Neuroplasticity in the Dorsal Hippocampus.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Article
- Peri-adolescent exposure to (meth)amphetamine in animal models.International review of neurobiology · 2022Review
- Insight into Glutamatergic Involvement in Rewarding Effects of Mephedrone in Rats: In Vivo and Ex Vivo Study.Molecular neurobiology · 2021Article
- Amphetamine-Decreased Progesterone and Estradiol Release in Rat Granulosa Cells: The Regulatory Role of cAMP- and CaBiomedicines · 2021Article
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14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
A synthetic cathinone, mephedrone is widely abused by adolescents and young adults. Despite its widespread use, little is known regarding its long-term effects on cognitive function. Therefore, we assessed, for the first time, whether (A) repeated mephedrone (30 mg/kg, i.p., 10 days, once a day) exposure during adolescence (PND 40) induces deleterious effects on spatial memory and reversal learning (Barnes maze task) in adult (PND 71-84) rats and whether (B) these effects were comparable to amphetamine (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.). Furthermore, the influence of these drugs on MMP-9, NMDA receptor subunits (GluN1, GluN2A/2B) and PSD-95 protein expression were assessed in adult rats. The drug effects were evaluated at doses that per se induce rewarding/reinforcing effects in rats. Our results showed deficits in spatial memory (delayed effect of amphetamine) and reversal learning in adult rats that received mephedrone/amphetamine in adolescence. However, the reversal learning impairment may actually have been due to spatial learning rather than cognitive flexibility impairments. Furthermore, mephedrone, but not amphetamine, enhanced with delayed onset, MMP-9 levels in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus. Mephedrone given during adolescence induced changes in MMP-9 level and up-regulation of the GluN2B-containing NMDA receptor (prefrontal cortex and hippocampus) in young adult (PND 63) and adult (PND 87) rats. Finally, in adult rats, PSD-95 expression was increased in the prefrontal cortex and decreased in the hippocampus. In contrast, in adult rats exposed to amphetamine in adolescence, GluN2A subunit and PSD-95 expression were decreased (down-regulated) in the hippocampus. Thus, in mephedrone-but not amphetamine-treated rats, the deleterious effects on spatial memory were associated with changes in MMP-9 level. Because the GluN2B-containing NMDA receptor dominates in adolescence, mephedrone seems to induce more harmful effects on cognition than amphetamine does during this period of life.
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