ReviewCells2021
Cytokine-Mediated Crosstalk between Immune Cells and Epithelial Cells in the Gut.
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 177 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as an Indicator of Opioid-Induced Immunosuppression After Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of pain research · 2022Trial
- Artificial "zombie" cells: An emerging platform for targeted drug delivery and disease treatment.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- A barrier-centered perspective on the gut-barrier-bone axis: a review of the core role of the intestinal barrier and related probiotics with nanocoatings.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Engineered Phytoene-Producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae Alleviates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction and Gut Dysbiosis.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Immune Gene Expression Reveals Immunomodulatory Activity of Chlorella vulgaris in a Mouse Model.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Study of the potential protective efficacy of lactoferrin on indomethacin-induced gastric fundic mucosal injury in rats.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Synergistic Impacts of Co-Exposure to Microplastics and Vibrio harveyi on the Immune and Stress Responses of the Big-Belly Seahorse Hippocampus abdominalis.Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2026Article
- Unraveling the regulatory role of intercellular communication in intestinal immune cells mediated by H₂ in sepsis recovery through single-cell RNA sequencing.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Targeting the Gut Microbiota with Pro- and Postbiotics: Emerging Strategies against Alopecia.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Maladaptive Inflammatory Signaling in Old Mice Impairs Colonic Regeneration by Promoting a Sustained Fetal-Like Epithelial State.Aging cell · 2026Article
- Review on the Mechanism of and Therapies Targeting PANoptosis in Ulcerative Colitis.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Multi-strain bacterial combination mitigates pelvic irradiation-induced gut damage by preserving gut integrity, inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Regional and Sex-Dependent Immune Profiling Across the Colon in A Mouse Model of Ulcerative Colitis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- FOXI3 establishes the ectodermal niche in pharyngeal arches for cranial neural crest cells and their lineages.Bone research · 2026Article
- A 3D Alginate-Gelatin Co-Culture Model to Study Epithelial-Stromal Interactions in the Gut.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Novel perspective on immune cell regulation in gastrointestinal inflammation: the role of extracellular vesicles and therapeutic prospects.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Unraveling the Pathogenetic Potential and Immune Crosstalk of Yersinia spp. in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Journal of immunology research · 2026Review
- Pharmacological and genetic modulation of IL-32 expression in intestinal epithelial cells does not impact HIV-1 outgrowth in co-cultured CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- How microbiota influence maternal blood disorder in miscarriage.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cytokines are small proteins that are secreted by a vast majority of cell types in the gut. They not only establish cell-to-cell interactions and facilitate cellular signaling, but also regulate both innate and adaptive immune responses, thereby playing a central role in genetic, inflammatory, and infectious diseases of the gut. Both, immune cells and gut epithelial cells, play important roles in intestinal disease development. The epithelium is located in between the mucosal immune system and the gut microbiome. It not only establishes an efficient barrier against gut microbes, but it also signals information from the gut lumen and its composition to the immune cell compartment. Communication across the epithelial cell layer also occurs in the other direction. Intestinal epithelial cells respond to immune cell cytokines and their response influences and shapes the microbial community within the gut lumen. Thus, the epithelium should be seen as a translator or a moderator between the microbiota and the mucosal immune system. Proper communication across the epithelium seems to be a key to gut homeostasis. Indeed, current genome-wide association studies for intestinal disorders have identified several disease susceptibility loci, which map cytokine signatures and their related signaling genes. A thorough understanding of this tightly regulated cytokine signaling network is crucial. The main objective of this review was to shed light on how cytokines can orchestrate epithelial functions such as proliferation, cell death, permeability, microbe interaction, and barrier maintenance, thereby safeguarding host health. In addition, cytokine-mediated therapy for inflammation and cancer are discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.