Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33434668›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2021

Epidemiology of COVID-19 in Mexico: Symptomatic profiles and presymptomatic people.

Miguel A Fernández-Rojas, Marco A Luna-Ruiz Esparza, Abraham Campos-Romero, Diana Y Calva-Espinosa, José L Moreno-Camacho, Ariadna P Langle-Martínez, Abraham García-Gil, Claudia J Solís-González, Adrián Canizalez-Román, Nidia León-Sicairos and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. A clue to clarify the origin of Omicron.Royal Society open science · 2025
    Article
  2. [Atypical clinical and mortality in older adults hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2025
    Observational
  3. Article
  4. [Gastrointestinal manifestations and liver disorders in patients with COVID-19].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2024
    Observational
  5. Article
  6. Observational
  7. [Occupational disease by COVID-19 in healthcare workers].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2023
    Observational
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  17. Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Hospitalized Pediatric Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Mexico City, Mexico.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2022
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Miguel A Fernández-RojasInnovation and Research Department, Salud Digna, Culiacan, 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Marco A Luna-Ruiz EsparzaInnovation and Research Department, Salud Digna, Culiacan, 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Abraham Campos-RomeroInnovation and Research Department, Salud Digna, Culiacan, 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Diana Y Calva-EspinosaClinical Laboratory Division, Salud Digna, Culiacan, 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico.
José L Moreno-CamachoClinical Laboratory Division, Salud Digna, Culiacan, 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico; Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Reference Center, Salud Digna, La Primavera, Culiacan, 80199, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Ariadna P Langle-MartínezClinical Laboratory Division, Salud Digna, Culiacan, 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico; Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Reference Center "Mexico's Valley", Salud Digna, Los Reyes, Tlalnepantla de Baz, 54075, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
Abraham García-GilClinical Laboratory Division, Salud Digna, Culiacan, 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico; Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Reference Center, Salud Digna, La Primavera, Culiacan, 80199, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Claudia J Solís-GonzálezClinical Laboratory Division, Salud Digna, Culiacan, 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico; Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Reference Center "Mexico's Valley", Salud Digna, Los Reyes, Tlalnepantla de Baz, 54075, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
Adrián Canizalez-RománCIASaP, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80246 Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico; The Women's Hospital, Secretariat of Health, 80127 Culiacan, Mexico.
Nidia León-SicairosCIASaP, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80246 Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico; Pediatric Hospital of Sinaloa, 80200 Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Jonathan Alcántar-FernándezInnovation and Research Department, Salud Digna, Culiacan, 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico. Electronic address: jonathan.alcantar@salud-digna.org.
Pediatric Hospital of Sinaloa · MXUniversidad Autónoma de Sinaloa · MXSecretaria de Salud · HN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe COVID-19 diagnosis is difficult and ambiguous due to nonspecific symptoms. Further, data from Mexico arehospitable population-based without signs and symptoms information. Thus, this work aims to provide epidemiology information about the burden of COVID-19 in Mexican outpatients and to identify symptomatic COVID-19 profiles that could help in the early diagnosis of the disease.

methodsFrom June to September, epidemiological, clinical, and demographic data of 482,413 individuals diagnosed by RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 in Salud Digna clinics were collected.

resultsWe observed a 41% incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections with a mean age of 36 years and with young adults (20-40 years) being the most affected. Among occupations, delivery persons (OR 1.38) or informal traders (OR 1.33) had a higher risk of COVID-19. Moreover, 13% of SARS-CoV-2 infections were in presymptomatic patients. Finally, we identified three different symptomatic profiles (common, respiratory, and gastrointestinal) associated with COVID-19.

conclusionThe incidence of SARS-CoV-2 was high among outpatients with a significant proportion of presymptomatic carriers, and thus it is necessary to increase testing and continue SARS-CoV-2 surveillance with a better description of signs and symptoms; in this regard, we identified three symptomatic profiles that could help in the diagnosis of COVID-19.

Indexed as

SARS-CoV-2AdolescentAdultAgedCOVID-19COVID-19 TestingFemaleHumansMaleMexicoMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesYoung AdultCOVID-19EpidemiologyMexicoPresymptomatic

Identifiers

PMID33434668
PMCPMC7831729
OpenAlexW3118302606

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.