ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2021
Evaluation of conventional and four real-time PCR methods for the detection of Leishmania on field-collected samples in Ethiopia.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring real-time PCR techniques for diagnosing leishmaniasis: key insights from a systematic review.Parasitology research · 2025Pooled it
- A novel pan-Leishmania loop-mediated isothermal amplification (Loopamp) assay for diagnosis of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Integrating molecular tools into leishmaniosis surveillance: evaluation of a commercial qPCR kit in sand fly vectors.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Molecular Detection ofAdvanced biomedical research · 2026Article
- Serological, molecular, and epidemiological assessment of Leishmania spp. in equids within a hotspot endemic area for cutaneous leishmaniasis in southeastern Algeria.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Molecular epidemiology, distribution, and determinants of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Northeast Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Validation of a Real-Time PCR for the Diagnosis ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Loopamp Leishmania detection kit for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ethiopia.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Genetic diversity and epidemiological insights into cutaneous leishmaniasis in Pakistan: a comprehensive study on clinical manifestations and molecular characterization of Leishmania species.Parasitology research · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Less Invasive Sampling Tools for the Diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a newly identified endemic site in South-Ethiopia.PloS one · 2024Article
- First report of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani in Ethiopia.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Burden of neglected tropical diseases and access to medicine and diagnostics in Ethiopia: a scoping review.Systematic reviews · 2023Article
- Antileishmanial Effects of Bunium Persicum Crude Extract, Essential Oil, and Cuminaldehyde on Leishmania Major: In Silico and In Vitro Properties.Acta parasitologica · 2023Article
- PCR for detection of Leishmania donovani from microscopically negative tissue smears of suspected patients in Gondar, Ethiopia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Community-based treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis using cryotherapy and miltefosine in Southwest Ethiopia: the way forward?Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- First molecular detection ofThe journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the CL Detect Rapid Test in Ethiopian patients suspected for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Comparison of Three In-House Real PCR Assays Targeting Kinetoplast DNA, the Small Subunit Ribosomal RNA Gene and the Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase Gene for the Detection ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In most low-resource settings, microscopy still is the standard method for diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis, despite its limited sensitivity. In Ethiopia, the more sensitive molecular methods are not yet routinely used. This study compared five PCR methods with microscopy on two sample types collected from patients with a suspected lesion to advise on optimal diagnosis of Leishmania aethiopica. Between May and July 2018, skin scrapings (SS) and blood exudate from the lesion spotted on filter paper (dry blood spot, DBS) were collected for PCR from 111 patients of four zones in Southern Ethiopia. DNA and RNA were simultaneously extracted from both sample types. DNA was evaluated by a conventional PCR targeting ITS-1 and three probe-based real-time PCRs: one targeting the SSU 18S rRNA and two targeting the kDNA minicircle sequence (the 'Mary kDNA PCR' and a newly designed 'LC kDNA PCR' for improved L. aethiopica detection). RNAs were tested with a SYBR Green-based RT-PCR targeting spliced leader (SL) RNA. Giemsa-stained SS smears were examined by microscopy. Of the 111 SS, 100 were positive with at least two methods. Sensitivity of microscopy, ITS PCR, SSU PCR, Mary kDNA PCR, LC kDNA PCR and SL RNA PCR were respectively 52%, 22%, 64%, 99%, 100% and 94%. Microscopy-based parasite load correlated well with real-time PCR Ct-values. Despite suboptimal sample storage for RNA detection, the SL RNA PCR resulted in congruent results with low Ct-values. DBS collected from the same lesion showed lower PCR positivity rates compared to SS. The kDNA PCRs showed excellent performance for diagnosis of L. aethiopica on SS. Lower-cost SL RNA detection can be a complementary high-throughput tool. DBS can be used for PCR in case microscopy is negative, the SS sample can be sent to the referral health facility where kDNA PCR method is available.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.