ArticlePituitary2021
The epidemiology and management patterns of pediatric pituitary tumors in the United States.
Article in Pituitary, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of pituitary adenomas in childhood and adolescence: Part 1, general recommendations.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2024Guideline
- Pediatric sellar and parasellar lesions: a population-based cohort study of presentation, management, and endocrine outcomes.Pituitary · 2026Article
- Contemporary series of transsphenoidal microsurgery in pediatric patients.Neurosurgical review · 2026Article
- Pituitary Adenomas in Children: : Specific Imaging Features According to Hormonal Secretion.Clinical neuroradiology · 2025Observational
- Pediatric Pituitary Adenomas and Cysts: A 46-Year Population-Based Analysis.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Article
- Recent advances in the study of reproductive function in pediatric patients with brain tumors.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Clinical parameters and postoperative outcomes of pituitary adenomas in children: Analysis according to size of adenomas and adopted surgical procedures.Molecular and clinical oncology · 2024Article
- Racial/ethnic disparities in all-cause and cause-specific death among children with malignant central nervous system tumours: a registry-based cohort retrospective analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Childhood, adolescent, and adult primary brain and central nervous system tumor statistics for practicing healthcare providers in neuro-oncology, CBTRUS 2015-2019.Neuro-oncology practice · 2024Review
- Non-functioning pituitary microadenoma in children and adolescents: Is follow-up with diagnostic imaging necessary?Endocrine · 2023Article
- Sellar and parasellar lesions in the transition age: a retrospective Italian multi-centre study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2023Article
- Coping strategies in patients undergoing surgery treatment for pituitary tumour in China: A cross-sectional survey.Nursing open · 2023Article
- Management of prolactinomas in children and adolescents; which factors define the response to treatment?Pituitary · 2022Article
- Epidemiology of common and uncommon adult pituitary tumors in the U.S. according to the 2017 World Health Organization classification.Pituitary · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeHypothalamic-pituitary axis dysfunction and mass effect symptoms in the pediatric population can indicate a pituitary region tumor. Herein, we evaluate the epidemiology and management of this rare entity.
methodsPediatric patients (≤ 21yo) who presented from 2004 to 2017 with a pituitary tumor were evaluated from the U.S. National Cancer Database. The distributions and management patterns of pituitary tumors were assessed by patients' tumor type, age, sex, race/ethnicity, tumor size, and insurance status.
results19.7% of intracranial tumors in the pediatric population originated in the pituitary region. 7653 pediatric patients with pituitary region tumors were identified, 68.2% of whom were female, with the tumors predominantly occurring in early adolescence (46.9%) and late adolescence (34.8%). The majority of pediatric pituitary region tumors were pituitary adenomas (77.9%), followed by craniopharyngiomas (18.1%) and germ cell tumors (1.6%). Girls demonstrated higher proportions of pituitary adenomas across all ages than boys. Asian/Pacific Islander patients were independently more likely to present at younger ages (mean 13.9yrs) and with germ cell tumors than patients of other races/ethnicities. Only 5.5% of patients were uninsured (referent), but they were independently more likely to present at older ages (mean 17.9yrs) and less likely to undergo surgery than patients with private insurance (OR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.47-2.52, p < 0.001) or Medicaid (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.14-2.00, p = 0.004).
conclusionPituitary region tumors comprise a significant fraction of intracranial pediatric tumors, particularly in adolescent girls. The differential diagnosis of pituitary tumor types differed significantly by patients' age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Uninsured patients were associated with delays in care and less surgical management.
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