SynthesisAcademic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry2021
Post-graduate Medical Training in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: a Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of intellectual and developmental disability curriculum in international pre-graduate health professional education.BMC medical education · 2023Pooled it
- Identifying Key Gaps: A Qualitative Exploration of Physicians-in-Training Caring for Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2026Article
- Education and training for health professionals on disability inclusion: a scoping review.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Strengthening Undergraduate Medical Education for Inclusive Health Care for People With Down Syndrome and Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in Medical Schools: Protocol for a Scoping Review.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Health professional education in autism and intellectual disability: systematic review.BJPsych open · 2025Review
- The New Frontier of Adult Neurodevelopmental Care: Individual and Caregiver Values.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2025Article
- Experiences, attitudes, and knowledge of medical students regarding intellectual and developmental disability: a Canadian study.BMC medical education · 2024Article
- Evaluation of an Interprofessional Educational Intervention in Mental Health and Intellectual and Developmental Disability for Health and Social Service Trainees.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2024Article
- The Future of General Psychiatry Must Include Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2024Article
- Development and Implementation of an Autism Spectrum and Intellectual Developmental Disorders Specialty Track Within Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2024Article
- Infusing intellectual and Developmental disability training into Medical School curriculum: a Pilot intervention.Medical education online · 2023Article
- Intellectual disabilities teaching for medical students: a scoping review.BMC medical education · 2023Article
- Health conditions and service use of autistic women and men: A retrospective population-based case-control study.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2023Article
- "Can you hear me now?": a qualitative exploration of communication quality in virtual primary care encounters for patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities.BMC primary care · 2023Article
- Survey results on training in developmental disabilities in Canadian psychiatry residency programs.Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry = Journal de l'Academie canadienne de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent · 2023Article
- Gaps in Trainee Education Regarding Transition Planning of Adolescent Patients with Intellectual Disability.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveDespite the increasing number of people with autism-spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disabilities (ID), and developmental disabilities (DDs), individuals with these conditions continue to have high levels of unmet physical and mental health needs. Robust training of health professionals can help bridge this gap. A systematic review was conducted to describe the features and educational outcomes of existing postgraduate medical education curricula to inform the development of future training to address the growing unmet care needs of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) such as ASD and ID.
methodsFour major databases were searched for peer-reviewed, English-language research focusing on post-graduate training in IDD education. Educational curricula and outcomes were summarized including Best Evidence in Medical Education (BEME) Quality of Evidence and Kirkpatrick training evaluation model.
resultsSixteen studies were identified with a majority published after 2000 (69%). Pediatric departments were involved in 69%, Psychiatry 19%, Medicine-Pediatrics 19%, and Family Medicine 6.3%. Analysis of Kirkpatrick outcomes showed 31% were level 1 (satisfaction or comfort); 38% level 2 (change in objective knowledge or skills); 13% level 3 (change in behavior); and none at level 4. BEME analysis showed 19% of studies were grade 1 (no clear conclusions), 31% grade 2 (ambiguous results), and half (50%) grade 3 (conclusions can probably be based on findings), with none scoring four or higher.
conclusionsThere is a paucity of objectively evaluated research in the area. Studies reviewed show clear promise for specialized, interdisciplinary, competency-based education which may be foundational for future curriculum development.
Indexed as
Identifiers
33433827What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.