Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33433633›Full record

ArticleDer Nervenarzt2021

[Psychological stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: consequences for psychiatric patients and therapeutic implications].

Johanna G Winkler, Dario Jalilzadeh Masah, James Kenneth Moran, Joachim Bretz, Ioannis Tsagkas, Thomas Goldschmidt, Meryam Schouler-Ocak

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Der Nervenarzt, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Johanna G WinklerPsychiatrische Institutsambulanz der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Deutschland. johanna.winkler@charite.de.
Dario Jalilzadeh MasahPsychiatrische Institutsambulanz der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Deutschland.
James Kenneth MoranResearch Group Multisensory Integration der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland.
Joachim BretzPsychiatrische Institutsambulanz der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Deutschland.
Ioannis TsagkasPsychiatrische Institutsambulanz der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Deutschland.
Thomas GoldschmidtPsychiatrische Institutsambulanz der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Deutschland.
Meryam Schouler-OcakPsychiatrische Institutsambulanz der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Deutschland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe outbreak of the COVID-19 disease and the rapid spread of the inducing coronavirus SARS-CoV‑2 threatens not only people's physical health but also their mental health. Its influence on incidence and course of existing illnesses in the psychiatric outpatient sector in Germany is still unknown.

methodsThe medical reports of 682 persons in psychiatric treatment were retrospectively investigated, regarding their subjective response to this pandemic and its clinical relevance.

resultsOf the patients 60.5% (n = 378) experienced greater psychological stress, 14.5% (n = 99) reported fear of the SARS-CoV‑2 and the possible danger of infection, 25.5% (n = 174) reported fear resulting from the protective measures taken (lock down) and 4.3% (n = 29) reported fear of both. This differed significantly across diagnoses: people with anxiety disorders reported significantly greater stress as well as greater fear of the virus, whereas people with psychoses were significantly less affected than the other patients. Of the participants 43.7% (n = 132) were so strongly affected that acute treatment had to be implemented and 6.0% (n = 18) had to be referred to inpatient care. DISCUSSION: People with mental illnesses are particularly vulnerable to the psychological strain of the COVID-19 pandemic. Long-term studies on the further course of disease will be necessary. Additional studies that test interventions to build resilience in this population will also be needed.

Indexed as

COVID-19PandemicsAnxietyCommunicable Disease ControlGermanyHumansRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2Stress, PsychologicalCOVID-19 pandemicCrisis interventionLock downMental disorderPsychological stress

Identifiers

PMID33433633
PMCPMC7801871

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.