ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2021
The combined impact of smoking, obesity and alcohol on life-expectancy trends in Europe.
Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evolution of birth-cohort patterns in lifestyle-associated cancer mortality across high-income countries.International journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Over-presentation of apolipoprotein E gene variants E3/E4 and cardiovascular disease risk factors among Ghanaian breast cancer patients.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Article
- National Life Expectancy Lags Behind Benchmark Progress and the Role of Smoking: An International Comparison.European journal of population = Revue europeenne de demographie · 2025Article
- Epidemiological Trends and Projection of Liver Cancer Due to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Among People Aged 55 Years and Older in China From 1990 to 2030: An Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Social Cognitive Influences Associated With Susceptibility to Nicotine and Tobacco Use in Youth in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2025Article
- The Demographic Causes of European Sub-National Population Declines.European journal of population = Revue europeenne de demographie · 2025Article
- Trends in educational inequalities in obesity-attributable mortality in England and Wales, Finland, and Italy.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Article
- Estimating mortality attributable to alcohol or tobacco - a cohort study from Germany.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2025Article
- Impact of Milk Consumption and Dietary Patterns on Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Mendelian Randomization Study.International journal of women's health · 2025Article
- Global, Regional, and National Disease Burden and Prediction Analysis of Colorectal Cancer Attributable to Tobacco, Alcohol, and Obesity From 1990 to 2030.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Alcohol and life expectancy.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Relationship between body roundness index and mortality rates and life expectancy in populations with metabolic syndrome.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- The contribution of avoidable mortality to life expectancy differences and lifespan disparities in the European Union: a population-based study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2024Article
- Effective roles of exercise and diet adherence in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Dietary Behavior and Determinants of Diet Quality among Primary Health Care Patients in Poland.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Improving referral rates for smoking cessation: A multifaceted intervention aimed at radiation oncologists.Technical innovations & patient support in radiation oncology · 2024Article
- Early outcomes of one-anastomosis gastric bypass in the elderly population at high-volume bariatric centers.Updates in surgery · 2024Article
- Clinical-epidemiological assessment of patients undergoing bariatric and metabolic surgery in a medium-complexity service in Maranhão, Brazil.Revista do Colegio Brasileiro de Cirurgioes · 2024Article
- Long-term trends in educational inequalities in alcohol-attributable mortality, and their impact on trends in educational inequalities in life expectancy.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundSmoking, obesity and alcohol abuse greatly affect mortality and exhibit a distinct time dynamic, with their prevalence and associated mortality rates increasing and (eventually) declining over time. Their combined impact on secular trends in life expectancy is unknown but is relevant for understanding these trends. We therefore estimate the combined impact of smoking, obesity and alcohol on life-expectancy trends in Europe.
methodsWe used estimated national age-specific smoking-, obesity- and alcohol-attributable mortality fractions for 30 European countries by sex, 1990-2014, which we aggregated multiplicatively to obtain lifestyle-attributable mortality. We estimated potential gains in life expectancy by eliminating lifestyle-attributable mortality and compared past trends in life expectancy at birth (e0) with and without lifestyle-attributable mortality. We examined all countries combined, by region and individually.
resultsAmong men, the combined impact of smoking, obesity and alcohol on e0 declined from 6.6 years in 1990 to 5.8 years in 2014, mainly due to declining smoking-attributable mortality. Among women, the combined impact increased from 1.9 to 2.3 years due to mortality increases in all three lifestyle-related factors. The observed increase in e0 over the 1990-2014 period was 5.0 years for men and 4.0 years for women. After excluding lifestyle-attributable mortality, this increase would have been 4.2-4.3 years for both men and women.
conclusionWithout the combined impact of smoking, obesity and alcohol, the increase over time in life expectancy at birth would have been smaller among men but larger among women, resulting in a stable increase in e0, parallel for men and women.
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