ArticleScientific reports2021
Optimal body size adjustment of L3 CT skeletal muscle area for sarcopenia assessment.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Defining Reference Values for Skeletal Muscle Metrics on Abdominal CT Using Data From Healthy Young Adult Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.AJR. American journal of roentgenology · 2025Pooled it
- Association between temporalis muscle thickness and functional outcomes in acute stroke: A meta-analysis and GRADE approach.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of automated segmentation of 3D computed-tomography scans for volumetric body composition analysis.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2023Pooled it
- Sarcopenia as a prognostic indicator in colorectal cancer: an updated meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Predictive Value of CT-Derived Skeletal Muscle Metrics for Pathologic Complete Response in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.European journal of breast health · 2026Article
- From stages to trajectories: a life-course reference framework for skeletal muscle health.European geriatric medicine · 2026Article
- Prognostic value of body composition analysis in cancer patients treated with immunotherapy: a systematic evaluation of TotalSegmentator-based biomarkers.La Radiologia medica · 2026Article
- Future of CT body composition research: Methodological discrepancies and advances.Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · 2026Review
- Lumbar Muscle Morphology Correlates With Early Surgical Outcomes in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Pilot Study.Global spine journal · 2026Article
- Lumbar muscle morphology and composition in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a magnetic resonance study.Spine deformity · 2026Article
- NELA, P-POSSUM, and Paraspinal Muscle Index in risk stratification of elderly patients undergoing emergency laparotomy.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Low Skeletal Muscle Mass as a Key Predictor of Postoperative Diet Outcomes in Circumferential Hypopharyngeal Cancer Reconstruction.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026Article
- Quantification of hepatic steatosis on post-contrast computed tomography scans using artificial intelligence tools.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026Article
- Clinical impact of computed tomography-measured skeletal muscle status at the third cervical vertebra on definitive radiotherapy outcomes for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Japanese journal of radiology · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence-driven assessment of sarcopenia in orthopedic geriatrics: technical progress and clinical implications.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- The pectoralis major index: a novel computed tomography biomarker for low thoracic muscle mass and eastern cooperative oncology group performance status in lung cancer patients.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Association of Myosteatosis and of Graft Loss after Kidney Transplantation: An International Observational Study.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2026Article
- Ordinal Regression Research Based on Dual Loss Function-An Example on Lumbar Vertebra Classification in CT Images.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Association Between Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Outcomes : A Prospective Cohort Study.Annals of internal medicine · 2025Observational
- Biomarkers and Clinical Evaluation in the Detection of Frailty.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Measurements of skeletal muscle cross-sectional area (SMA) at the level of the third lumbar (L3) vertebra derived from clinical computed tomography (CT) scans are commonly used in assessments of sarcopenia, the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function associated with aging. As SMA is correlated with height and Body Mass Index (BMI), body size adjustment is necessary to fairly assess sarcopenic low muscle mass in individuals of different height and BMI. The skeletal muscle index, a widely used measure, adjusts for height as [Formula: see text] but uses no BMI adjustment. There is no agreed upon standard for body size adjustment. We extracted L3 SMA using non-contrast-enhanced CT scans from healthy adults, split into 'Under-40' and 'Over-40' cohorts. Sex-specific allometric analysis showed that height to the power of one was the optimal integer coefficient for height adjusted SMA in both males and females. We computed two height-adjusted measures [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], comparing their Pearson correlations versus age, height, weight, and BMI separately by sex and cohort. Finally, in the 'Under-40' cohort, we used linear regression to convert each height-adjusted measure into a z-score ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) adjusted for BMI. [Formula: see text] was less correlated with height in both males and females ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) than [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). [Formula: see text] was uncorrelated with BMI and weight, and minimally correlated with height in males and females ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). The final [Formula: see text] equation was: [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and sex = 1 if male, 0 if female. We propose [Formula: see text] for optimal height adjustment and the [Formula: see text] score for optimal height and BMI adjustment. By minimizing correlations with height and BMI, the [Formula: see text] score produces unbiased assessments of relative L3 skeletal muscle area across the full range of body sizes.
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