ArticleBMJ global health2021
Why onchocerciasis transmission persists after 15 annual ivermectin mass drug administrations in South-West Cameroon.
Article in BMJ global health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 161 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors influencing vector control for onchocerciasis in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Preclinical animal models for onchocerciasis and loiasis: A systematic review of applications in drug screening.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Elimination of transmission of onchocerciasis (river blindness) with long-term ivermectin mass drug administration with or without vector control in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Global health · 2024Pooled it
- Individual longitudinal compliance to neglected tropical disease mass drug administration programmes, a systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Pooled it
- HISTONCHO: A dataset of intervention histories for onchocerciasis control & elimination in sub-Saharan Africa.Scientific data · 2026Article
- Modelling the effects of immigration on the re-introduction of onchocerciasis.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Frequency of Mutations Within P-Glycoprotein and Beta-Tubulin Associated With Ivermectin Treatment inJournal of parasitology research · 2026Article
- Onchocerciasis and non-communicable diseases in the Bafut Health District, Cameroon: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards community-directed treatment with ivermectin.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- High Levels of Community Support for Mansonellosis Interventions in an Endemic Area of the Brazilian Amazon.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Simulium larvae susceptibility to temephos and the effect of 10 weeks of treatment of the Mbende tributary in the Nkam-Wouri River drainage of Cameroon on larval density and adult fly biting rates.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Model-Based Geostatistical Mapping of the Prevalence of Onchocerca volvulus in Cameroon between 1971 and 2020.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Status of human onchocerciasis transmission in the Adamaoua region of Cameroon after 20 years of ivermectin mass distribution.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Effects of Five Years of Treatment of Onchocerciasis with Ivermectin under Community Guidelines in Resurgent Areas of Burkina Faso: A before-and-after Analysis.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Association of haemato-biochemical indices and blood composite ratios with microfilaridermia in Onchocerciasis patients.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Non-adherence to ivermectin in onchocerciasis-endemic communities with persistent infection in the Bono Region of Ghana: a mixed-methods study.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Can mass drug administration of moxidectin accelerate onchocerciasis elimination in Africa?Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Management of onchocerciasis among adolescents in nkwanta north district of Ghana: Qualitative study of adolescents' perception, community and health system support.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Burden and factors associated with onchocerciasis transmission among school-aged children after more than 20 years of Community Directed Treatment with Ivermectin in Ulanga district, Tanzania: A school-based cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- The preparatory phase for ground larviciding implementation for chocerciasis control in the Meme River Basin in South West Cameroon: the COUNTDOWN Consortium alternative strategy implementation trial.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
28 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionOnchocerciasis is targeted for elimination mainly with annual community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI). High infection levels have been reported in South-West Cameroon, despite ≥15 years of CDTI. The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with continued onchocerciasis transmission and skin disease.
methodsA large-scale cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 in 20 communities in a loiasis-risk area in South-West Cameroon. A mixed-methods approach was used. Associations between infection levels, skin disease and adherence to CDTI were assessed using mixed regression modelling. Different community members' perception and acceptability of the CDTI strategy was explored using semi-structured interviews.
resultsOnchocerciasis prevalence was 44.4% among 9456 participants. 17.5% of adults were systematic non-adherers and 5.9% participated in ≥75% of CDTI rounds. Skin disease affected 1/10 participants, including children. Increasing self-reported adherence to CDTI was associated with lower infection levels in participants aged ≥15 years but not in children. Adherence to CDTI was positively influenced by perceived health benefits, and negatively influenced by fear of adverse events linked with economic loss. Concern of lethal adverse events was a common reason for systematic non-adherence.
conclusionCDTI alone is unlikely to achieve elimination in those high transmission areas where low participation is commonly associated with the fear of adverse events, despite the current quasi absence of high-risk levels of loiasis. Such persisting historical memories and fear of ivermectin might impact adherence to CDTI also in areas with historical presence but current absence of loiasis. Because such issues are unlikely to be tackled by CDTI adaptive measures, alternative strategies are needed for onchocerciasis elimination where negative perception of ivermectin is an entrenched barrier to community participation in programmes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.