ArticleArchives of physiotherapy2021
Diagnostic accuracy of the clinical indicators to identify central sensitization pain in patients with musculoskeletal pain.
Article in Archives of physiotherapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effectiveness of telemedicine in chronic pain management compared with in-person visits: a 23-month database-audit.Pain reports · 2025Article
- Sensory Profiles Predict Symptoms of Central Sensitization in Low Back Pain: A Predictive Model Research Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Neuropathic-like symptoms and central sensitization related signs and symptoms negatively affect the functional performance of patients with knee osteoarthritis - a cross-sectional study.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2023Article
- Article
- Exploratory Study on Central Sensitization and Bioelectrical Activity of the Selected Masticatory Muscles in Subjects with Myopia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Use of the painDETECT to discriminate musculoskeletal pain phenotypes.Archives of physiotherapy · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe identification of central sensitization (CS) is an important aspect in the management of patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Several methods have been developed, including clinical indicators and psychophysical measures. However, whether clinical indicators coincide with the psychophysical test of CS-related sign and symptoms is still unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of the clinical indicators in identifying CS-related sign and symptoms in patients with musculoskeletal pain.
methodsOne-hundred consecutive patients with musculoskeletal pain were included. Clinical indicators (index method) based on a combination of patient self-report pain characteristics and physical examination were used to identify the phenotype of patients with musculoskeletal pain and the predominance of the CS-related sign and symptoms. Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) was assessed by the Cold Pressor Test (reference standard), which is a psychophysical test used to detect impairment of CPM. Measurements of the diagnostic accuracy were performed.
resultsTwenty-seven patients presented predominance of CS-related sign and symptoms in the assessment of the clinical indicators, and 20 had impairment of CPM. Clinical indicators showed high accuracy (75.0%; 95% confidence interval = 65.3 to 83.1), high specificity (80.0%; 95% confidence interval = 69.6 to 88.1), high negative predictive value (87.7%; 95% confidence interval = 81.2 to 92.1), and a relevant positive likelihood ratio (2.8, 95% confidence interval = 1.5 to 5.0) when compared to the Cold Pressor Test.
conclusionClinical indicators demonstrated a valuable tool for detecting the impaired CPM, which is a remarkable feature of the CS-related sign and symptoms. Clinicians are encouraged to use the clinical indicators in the management of patients with musculoskeletal pain.
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