Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33430989›Full record

ArticleJournal of cheminformatics2019

SAR and QSAR modeling of a large collection of LD

Domenico Gadaleta, Kristijan Vuković, Cosimo Toma, Giovanna J Lavado, Agnes L Karmaus, Kamel Mansouri, Nicole C Kleinstreuer, Emilio Benfenati, Alessandra Roncaglioni

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cheminformatics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Multi-Target Bioactivity ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
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  3. Article
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  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Dual-action nanotherapy: Temozolomide-loaded, anti-PD-L1 scFv-functionalized lipid nanocarriers for targeted glioblastoma therapy.European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences · 2025
    Article
  9. ADMET-Guided Docking and GROMACS Molecular Dynamics ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
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  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
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  19. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Domenico GadaletaLaboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy. domenico.gadaleta@marionegri.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3154-5930
Kristijan VukovićLaboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.
Cosimo TomaLaboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.
Giovanna J LavadoLaboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.
Agnes L KarmausIntegrated Laboratory Systems, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27560, USA.
Kamel MansouriIntegrated Laboratory Systems, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27560, USA.
Nicole C KleinstreuerNTP Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27560, USA.
Emilio BenfenatiLaboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.
Alessandra RoncaglioniLaboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.

Funding

LIFE Concert REACH LIFE17/GIE/IT/000461Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action 'in3' Grant No. 721975Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action 'in3' MSCA-ITN-2016
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The median lethal dose for rodent oral acute toxicity (LD50) is a standard piece of information required to categorize chemicals in terms of the potential hazard posed to human health after acute exposure. The exclusive use of in vivo testing is limited by the time and costs required for performing experiments and by the need to sacrifice a number of animals. (Quantitative) structure-activity relationships [(Q)SAR] proved a valid alternative to reduce and assist in vivo assays for assessing acute toxicological hazard. In the framework of a new international collaborative project, the NTP Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Center for Computational Toxicology compiled a large database of rat acute oral LD50 data, with the aim of supporting the development of new computational models for predicting five regulatory relevant acute toxicity endpoints. In this article, a series of regression and classification computational models were developed by employing different statistical and knowledge-based methodologies. External validation was performed to demonstrate the real-life predictability of models. Integrated modeling was then applied to improve performance of single models. Statistical results confirmed the relevance of developed models in regulatory frameworks, and confirmed the effectiveness of integrated modeling. The best integrated strategies reached RMSEs lower than 0.50 and the best classification models reached balanced accuracies over 0.70 for multi-class and over 0.80 for binary endpoints. Computed predictions will be hosted on the EPA's Chemistry Dashboard and made freely available to the scientific community.

Indexed as

Acute rat oral toxicityComputational toxicologyIntegrated modelingLD50(Q)SAR

Identifiers

PMID33430989
PMCPMC6717335

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.