ArticleMicrobial cell factories2021
Protein over-expression in Escherichia coli triggers adaptation analogous to antimicrobial resistance.
Article in Microbial cell factories, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence, resistance profile, and molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum β-lactamases producingOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Article
- The response surface method enables efficient optimization of induction parameters for the production of bioactive peptides in fed-batch bioreactors using Escherichia coli.Folia microbiologica · 2026Article
- A modular genetic toolbox for precise gene regulation and multi-color imaging in streptococci.microLife · 2026Article
- Cloning, expression, and purification of small subunit human ribosomal proteins SA/uS2, S2/uS5, S3/uS3, S7/eS7, S8/eS8, S12/eS12, S13/uS15, and S14/uS11 formicroPublication biology · 2026Article
- Investigating the Effect of Membrane Composition on the Selective Ammonium Transport of Escherichia coli AmtB Membrane Proteins.ACS applied engineering materials · 2025Article
- Recent advances in recombinant production of soluble proteins in E. coli.Microbial cell factories · 2025Review
- Biosensor that Detects Stress Caused by Periplasmic Proteins.ACS synthetic biology · 2024Article
- Tips for efficiently maintaining pET expression plasmids.Current genetics · 2023Article
- Novel insights into construct toxicity, strain optimization, and primary sequence design for producing recombinant silk fibroin and elastin-like peptide inMetabolic engineering communications · 2023Article
- Antibiotic-ResistantVeterinary sciences · 2022Article
- Fluorescence dequenching assay for the activity of TEV protease.Analytical biochemistry · 2022Article
- Antibiotic-Efficient Genetic Cassette for the TEM-1 β-Lactamase That Improves Plasmid Performance.ACS synthetic biology · 2022Article
- Regulating the T7 RNA polymerase expression in E. coli BL21 (DE3) to provide more host options for recombinant protein production.Microbial cell factories · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe E. coli pET system is the most widely used protein over-expression system worldwide. It relies on the assumption that all cells produce target protein and it is generally believed that integral membrane protein (IMP) over-expression is more toxic than their soluble counterparts.
resultsUsing GFP-tagged proteins, high level over-expression of either soluble or IMP targets results in > 99.9% cell loss with survival rate of only < 0.03%. Selective pressure generates three phenotypes: large green, large white and small colony variants. As a result, in overnight cultures, ~ 50% of the overall cell mass produces no protein. Genome sequencing of the phenotypes revealed genomic mutations that causes either the loss of T7 RNAP activity or its transcriptional downregulation. The over-expression process is bactericidal and is observed for both soluble and membrane proteins.
conclusionsWe demonstrate that it is the act of high-level over-expression of exogenous proteins in E. coli that sets in motion a chain of events leading to > 99.9% cell death. These results redefine our understanding of protein over-production and link it to the adaptive survival response seen in the development of antimicrobial resistance.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.