ArticleCancers2021
Molecular Signature of Extracellular Vesicular Small Non-Coding RNAs Derived from Cerebrospinal Fluid of Leptomeningeal Metastasis Patients: Functional Implication of miR-21 and Other Small RNAs in Cancer Malignancy.
Article in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of extracellular vesicle-based liquid biopsy for leptomeningeal metastasis: current evidence and future directions.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2026Pooled it
- Advances in cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of leptomeningeal metastases (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Melanoma leptomeningeal disease: Advances in diagnosis and emerging therapeutic strategies.World journal of experimental medicine · 2026Review
- RNA-binding proteins and exoribonucleases modulating miRNA in cancer: the enemy within.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Extracellular Vesicles from Cerebrospinal Fluid of Leptomeningeal Metastasis Patients Deliver MiR-21 and Induce Methotrexate Resistance in Lung Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Recommendations for reproducibility of cerebrospinal fluid extracellular vesicle studies.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Review
- Review
- MicroRNA profiling of cerebrospinal fluid from dogs with steroid responsive meningitis-arteritis and meningoencephalitis of unknown origin.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Review
- Characterising extracellular vesicles from individual low volume cerebrospinal fluid samples, isolated by SmartSEC.Journal of extracellular biology · 2022Article
- A brain metastasis liquid biopsy: Where are we now?Neuro-oncology advancesReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a fatal and rare complication of cancer in which the cancer spreads via the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). At present, there is no definitive treatment or diagnosis for this deleterious disease. In this study, we systemically and quantitatively investigated biased expression of key small non-coding RNA (smRNA) subpopulations from LM CSF extracellular vesicles (EVs) via a unique smRNA sequencing method. The analyzed subpopulations included microRNA (miRNA), Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA), Y RNA, small nuclear RNA (snRNA), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNA), vault RNA (vtRNA), novel miRNA, etc. Here, among identified miRNAs, miR-21, which was already known to play an essential oncogenic role in tumorigenesis, was thoroughly investigated via systemic biochemical, miR-21 sensor, and physiological cell-based approaches, with the goal of confirming its functionality and potential as a biomarker for the pathogenesis and diagnosis of LM. We herein uncovered LM CSF extravesicular smRNAs that may be associated with LM-related complications and elucidated plausible pathways that may mechanistically contribute to LM progression. In sum, the analyzed smRNA subpopulations will be useful as targets for the development of therapeutic and diagnostic strategies for LM and LM-related complications.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.