ArticlePharmaceutics2021
Coincubation as miR-Loading Strategy to Improve the Anti-Tumor Effect of Stem Cell-Derived EVs.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of animal models on translating male infertility research from bench to bedside: a narrative review.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2026Review
- Engineering Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles as Bioinspired Nanocarriers: From Physicochemical Properties to Tumor Delivery Performance.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Cargo-driven extracellular vesicles as pharmaceutical nanocarriers: A pharmaceutics-oriented comparison of animal exosomes and plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- Engineered Extracellular Vesicles for Cancer Stem Cell Theranostics: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Advancing Extracellular Vesicle Research: A Review of Systems Biology and Multiomics Perspectives.Proteomics · 2026Review
- Exosomal miR-149 from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells attenuates spinal cord injury-induced blood-spinal cord barrier disruption by suppressing the ET-1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Emerging Strategies for Cargo Loading and Engineering of Extracellular Vesicles for Breast Cancer Treatment.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles in intestinal protozoa: hidden mediators of host-parasite communication.Gut pathogens · 2025Review
- MiR-146a engineered extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells more potently attenuate ischaemia-reperfusion injury in lung transplantation.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Exploring the significance of extracellular vesicles: Key players in advancing cancer and possible theranostic tools.Cancer pathogenesis and therapy · 2025Review
- Exosomes as promising frontier approaches in future cancer therapy.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Article
- Progress on the Regulation of the Host Immune Response by Parasite-Derived Exosomes.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- mRNA Technology and Mucosal Immunization.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Exosomal MicroRNAs: Biomarkers of moyamoya disease and involvement in vascular cytoskeleton reconstruction.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Molecular Determinants Involved in the Docking and Uptake of Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Implications in Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Extracellular Vesicles: A New Star for Gene Drug Delivery.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNA in the Kidney.Comprehensive Physiology · 2023Article
- Engineered EVs designed to target diseases of the CNS.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2023Review
- Current Status of Research on Small Extracellular Vesicles for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Urological Tumors.Cancers · 2022Review
- Extracellular vesicles in kidney disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are considered a novel therapeutic tool, due to their ability to transfer their cargoes to target cells. Different strategies to directly load extracellular vesicles with RNA species have been proposed. Electroporation has been used for the loading of non-active vesicles; however, the engineering of vesicles already carrying a therapeutically active cargo is still under investigation. Here, we set up a coincubation method to increase the anti-tumor effect of extracellular vesicles isolated from human liver stem cells (HLSC-EVs). Using the coincubation protocol, vesicles were loaded with the anti-tumor miRNA-145, and their effect was evaluated on renal cancer stem cell invasion. Loaded HLSC-EVs maintained their integrity and miR transfer ability. Loaded miR-145, but not miR-145 alone, was protected by RNAse digestion, possibly due to its binding to RNA-binding proteins on HLSC-EV surface, such as Annexin A2. Moreover, miR-145 coincubated HLSC-EVs were more effective in inhibiting the invasive properties of cancer stem cells, in comparison to naïve vesicles. The protocol reported here exploits a well described property of extracellular vesicles to bind nucleic acids on their surface and protect them from degradation, in order to obtain an effective miRNA loading, thus increasing the activity of therapeutically active naïve extracellular vesicles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.