ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2021
The relationship of smoking and unhealthy alcohol use to the HIV care continuum among people with HIV in an integrated health care system.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with use of depression treatment among people with HIV in the United States: An electronic health records-based cohort study.Journal of affective disorders · 2025Article
- The role of alternative reinforcers in smoking outcomes among people with and without HIV.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025Observational
- Identifying Factors Associated With HIV Viral Suppression and Health Care Outcomes in the Florida Cohort Study Wave 3: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Health problems and challenges due to aging among people living with HIV aged 50 and older: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Contextual factors associated with successful alcohol screening and brief intervention implementation and sustainment in adult primary care.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025Article
- Integrated telehealth intervention to reduce chronic pain and unhealthy drinking among people living with HIV: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2024Article
- Veteran's Health Administration HIV Care Continuum: 2019 vs 2022.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Integrated Care as a Model for Interprofessional Disease Management and the Benefits for People Living with HIV/AIDS.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Alcohol use, suicidality and virologic non-suppression among young adults with perinatally acquired HIV in Thailand: a cross-sectional study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
- Racial, ethnic, and age disparities in the association of mental health symptoms and polysubstance use among persons in HIV care.PloS one · 2023Article
- Statins Utilization in Adults With HIV: The Treatment Gap and Predictors of Statin Initiation.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2022Article
- The Association Between HIV Status, Estradiol, and Sex Hormone Binding Globulin Among Premenopausal Women in the Women's Interagency HIV Study.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2022Article
- Cancer burden in women with HIV on Medicaid: A nationwide analysis.Women's health (London, England)Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSmoking tobacco and unhealthy alcohol use may negatively influence HIV care continuum outcomes but have not been examined in combination.
methodsParticipants were people with HIV (PWH) in Kaiser Permanente Northern California. Predictors included smoking status and unhealthy alcohol use (exceeding daily and/or weekly limits) reported by patients during primary care screening (index date). Outcomes were based on not achieving the following steps in the care continuum: linkage to HIV care (≥1 visit within 90 days of newly identified HIV diagnosis), retention (2+ in-person visits, 60+ days apart) and HIV RNA control (<75 copies/mL). Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were obtained from separate logistic regression models for each outcome associated with smoking and unhealthy alcohol use independently and combined.
resultsThe overall sample (N = 8958) had a mean age of 48.0 years; was 91.3 % male; 54.0 % white, 17.6 % Latino, 15.1 % black, and 9.6 % other race/ethnicity. Smoking was associated with higher odds of not being linked to HIV care (OR = 1.60 [95 % CI 1.03-2.48]), not retained (OR = 1.30 [95 % CI 1.13-1.50]), and HIV RNA not in control (OR = 1.91 [95 % CI 1.60-2.27]). Alcohol measures were not independently associated with outcomes. The combination of unhealthy alcohol use and smoking (versus neither) was associated with higher odds of not being linked to care (OR = 2.83 [95 % CI 1.40-5.71]), although the interaction did not reach significance (p = 0.18).
conclusionsIn this large sample of PWH in an integrated health care system, smoking, both independently and in combination with unhealthy alcohol use, was associated with worse HIV care continuum outcomes.
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