Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33426371›Full record

ReviewBioactive materials2021

The application of nanoparticles in cancer immunotherapy: Targeting tumor microenvironment.

Muyue Yang, Jipeng Li, Ping Gu, Xianqun Fan

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Bioactive materials, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 371 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
371citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

371 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Modified tumor uptake and biodistribution of nanoparticles coated with small extracellular vesicle membranes derived from distinct tumor cell lines.International journal of hyperthermia : the official journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group · 2026
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  5. B cells in cancer: functions, mechanisms and therapeutic advances.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026
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311 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Muyue YangDepartment of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
Jipeng LiDepartment of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
Ping GuDepartment of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
Xianqun FanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200011, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The tumor development and metastasis are closely related to the structure and function of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recently, TME modulation strategies have attracted much attention in cancer immunotherapy. Despite the preliminary success of immunotherapeutic agents, their therapeutic effects have been restricted by the limited retention time of drugs in TME. Compared with traditional delivery systems, nanoparticles with unique physical properties and elaborate design can efficiently penetrate TME and specifically deliver to the major components in TME. In this review, we briefly introduce the substitutes of TME including dendritic cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, tumor vasculature, tumor-draining lymph nodes and hypoxic state, then review various nanoparticles targeting these components and their applications in tumor therapy. In addition, nanoparticles could be combined with other therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and photodynamic therapy, however, the nanoplatform delivery system may not be effective in all types of tumors due to the heterogeneity of different tumors and individuals. The changes of TME at various stages during tumor development are required to be further elucidated so that more individualized nanoplatforms could be designed.

Indexed as

Ab, antibodiesAC-NPs, antigen-capturing nanoparticlesAg, antigenANG2, angiopoietin-2APCs, antigen-presenting cellsAuNCs, gold nanocagesAuNPs, gold nanoparticlesBBB, blood-brain barrierBcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2BTK, Bruton's tyrosine kinaseCaCO3, calcium carbonateCAFs, cancer associated fibroblastsCancer immunotherapyCAP, cleavable amphiphilic peptideCAR-T, Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell therapyCCL, chemoattractant chemokines ligandcDCs, conventional dendritic cellsCTLA4, cytotoxic lymphocyte antigen 4CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocytesDCs, dendritic cellsDMMA, 2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydridDMXAA, 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acidDSF/Cu, disulfiram/copperECM, extracellular matrixEGFR, epidermal growth factor receptorEMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transitionEPG, egg phosphatidylglycerolEPR, enhanced permeability and retentionFAP, fibroblast activation proteinFDA, the Food and Drug AdministrationHA, hyaluronic acidHB-GFs, heparin-binding growth factorsHIF, hypoxia-inducible factorHPMA, N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamideHSA, human serum albuminHypoxiaIBR, IbrutinibIFN-γ, interferon-γIFP, interstitial fluid pressureIL, interleukinLMWH, low molecular weight heparinLPS, lipopolysaccharideM2NP, M2-like TAM dual-targeting nanoparticleMCMC, mannosylated carboxymethyl chitosanMDSCs, myeloid-derived suppressor cellsmelittin-NP, melittin-lipid nanoparticleMnO2, manganese dioxideMPs, microparticlesNanoparticlesNF-κB, nuclear factor κBNK, nature killernMOFs, nanoscale metal-organic frameworksNO, nitric oxideNPs, nanoparticlesODN, oligodeoxynucleotidesPD-1, programmed cell death protein 1PDT, photodynamic therapyPFC, perfluorocarbonPHDs, prolyl hydroxylasesPLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)PSCs, pancreatic stellate cellsPS, photosensitizerPTX, paclitaxelRBC, red-blood-cellRLX, relaxin-2ROS, reactive oxygen speciesSA, sialic acidscFv, single-chain variable fragmentsiRNA, small interfering RNASPARC, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteineTAAs, tumor-associated antigensTAMs, tumor-associated macrophagestdLNs, tumor-draining lymph nodesTDPA, tumor-derived protein antigensTfR, transferrin receptorTGF-β, transforming growth factor βTIE2, tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin and epidermal growth factor homology domain 2TIM-3, T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3TLR, Toll-like receptorTME, tumor microenvironmentTNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alphaTregs, regulatory T cellsTumor microenvironmentUPS-NP, ultra-pH-sensitive nanoparticleVDA, vasculature disrupting agentVEGF, vascular endothelial growth factorα-SMA, alpha-smooth muscle actin

Identifiers

PMID33426371
PMCPMC7773537

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.