Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33422354›Full record

ArticleEuropean urology2021

Insulinemic and Inflammatory Dietary Patterns and Risk of Prostate Cancer.

Benjamin C Fu, Fred K Tabung, Claire H Pernar, Weike Wang, Amparo G Gonzalez-Feliciano, Ilkania M Chowdhury-Paulino, Steven K Clinton, Edmund Folefac, Mingyang Song, Adam S Kibel and 2 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in European urology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Article
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  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Plant-based diets and urological health.Nature reviews. Urology · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Insulin-related traits and prostate cancer: A Mendelian randomization study.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024
    Article
  16. Review
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  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Benjamin C FuDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: benfu@hsph.harvard.edu.
Fred K TabungDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Claire H PernarDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Weike WangDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Amparo G Gonzalez-FelicianoDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Ilkania M Chowdhury-PaulinoDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Steven K ClintonDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA.
Edmund FolefacDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA.
Mingyang SongDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Adam S KibelDivision of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Edward L GiovannucciDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Lorelei A MucciDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Funding

VectorP30CA006516 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INSTITUTE · PI JENNIFER W MACK · 1985 to 2026
$330.6M
Translational Therapeutics Research Program (TT)P30CA016058 · NCI · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Jennifer A. Woyach · 1985 to 2026
$132.3M
Training Program in Cancer EpidemiologyT32CA009001 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI A. Heather Eliassen, Meir Stampfer · 1985 to 2026
$17.3M
Cancer Epidemiology Cohort in Male Health ProfessionalsU01CA167552 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI Lorelei Mucci, Walter C. Willett · 2017 to 2026
$17.0M
Pro-inflammatory and Hyper-insulinemic Dietary Patterns and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Role of the MetabolomeR00CA207736 · NCI · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI TABUNG, FRED KINYUY · 2018 to 2020
$747k
Marine Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid, Gut Microbiome, and Colorectal Cancer PreventionR00CA215314 · NCI · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI SONG, MINGYANG · 2018 to 2020
$679k
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA006516NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016058NCI NIH HHS R00 CA207736NCI NIH HHS R00 CA215314NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009001NCI NIH HHS U01 CA167552
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHyperinsulinemia and inflammation are inter-related pathways that link diet with the risk of several chronic diseases. Evidence suggests that these pathways may also increase prostate cancer risk.

objectiveTo determine whether hyperinsulinemic diet and inflammatory diet are associated with prostate cancer incidence and mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND

participantsWe prospectively followed 41 209 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2014). Scores for two validated dietary patterns were calculated from food frequency questionnaires at baseline and updated every 4 yr. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Total, advanced, and lethal prostate cancer outcomes were assessed. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined for associations between two empirical hypothesis-oriented dietary patterns-empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia and empirical dietary inflammatory pattern-and prostate cancer risk estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: During 28 yr of follow-up, 5929 incident cases of total prostate cancer, including 1019 advanced and 667 fatal, were documented. In multivariable-adjusted models, there was a 7% higher risk of advanced prostate cancer (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01-1.15) and a 9% higher risk of fatal prostate cancer (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.00-1.18) per standard deviation (SD) increase in the hyperinsulinemic diet. When stratified by age, the hyperinsulinemic diet was associated with only earlier-onset aggressive prostate cancer (men under 65 yr), with per SD HRs of 1.20 (95% CI: 1.06-1.35) for advanced, 1.22 (1.04-1.42) for fatal, and 1.20 (1.04-1.38) for lethal. The inflammatory diet was not associated with prostate cancer risk in the overall study population, but was associated with earlier-onset lethal prostate cancer (per SD increase HR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.00-1.35).

conclusionsHyperinsulinemia and inflammation may be potential mechanisms linking dietary patterns with the risk of aggressive prostate cancer, particularly earlier-onset disease. PATIENT SUMMARY: Avoiding inflammatory and hyperinsulinemic dietary patterns may be beneficial for the prevention of clinically relevant prostate cancer, especially among younger men.

Indexed as

HyperinsulinismProstatic NeoplasmsDietFollow-Up StudiesHumansInflammationMaleProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsCohort studyDietHyperinsulinemiaInflammationProstate cancer

Identifiers

PMID33422354
PMCPMC7887049

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.