ReviewJournal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR2021
Targeting hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment: a potential strategy to improve cancer immunotherapy.
Review in Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 165 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
165 citing papers in PubMed, 315 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of stromal maturity and proportion on prognosis and immune landscape in colorectal cancer.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Synthetic biology of oncolytic bacteria: Comparative microbial chassis and precise killing strategies.Toxicology reports · 2026Review
- High ZFP36 Family Expression in Exhausted T Cells Is Associated With Impaired Antitumor Effector Function.Cancer science · 2026Article
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer: biology, regulatory networks and theranostic prospects.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Nanomedicine-based sensitization and resistance reversal in immunotherapy of clear cell renal cell carcinoma: from tumor microenvironment to precision delivery.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Tumor Necrosis on Routine Pretreatment CT as a Potential Prognostic Marker in Advanced NSCLC Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Monotherapy: A Two-Center Retrospective Study.Thoracic cancer · 2026Article
- From permeation enhancer to therapeutic enabler: Advances, applications, and translational perspectives in hyaluronidase-based drug delivery.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Calcium peroxide loaded liposomes reprogram hypoxic and acidic tumor microenvironment to overcome lenvatinib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Octacosanol Suppresses Lung Cancer Metastasis and Angiogenesis via Targeting MMPs and VEGF.Cells · 2026Article
- Stress-responsive membrane proteins as execution nodes of tumor cell adaptation to microenvironmental stress.Oncogene · 2026Review
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- Exploring the Potential of Receptor Silencing in the Tumor Microenvironment by RNA Interference.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Hydrogen sulfide at the intersection of hypoxia and oxidative stress: implications for lung cancer progression and treatment - a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Review
- The metabolic environment within solid tumors drives a complex crosstalk between macrophages and NK cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunologic Combinations in Multiple Myeloma: Synergistic Stimulation with T cells and NK cells.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells in colorectal cancer: a synergistic immunosuppressive axis and emerging therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Single-cell dissection and multi-cohort validation identify a hypoxia-related prognostic signature with experimental verification in lung adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Theranostic Nanoparticles in Prostate Cancer: Disrupting Hypoxia-Induced Glycolysis by Targeting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha and Downstream Metabolites.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- The immune landscape of melanoma microenvironmental crosstalk.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
105 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
With the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), significant progress has been made in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Despite the long-lasting outcomes in responders, the majority of patients with cancer still do not benefit from this revolutionary therapy. Increasing evidence suggests that one of the major barriers limiting the efficacy of immunotherapy seems to coalesce with the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME), which is an intrinsic property of all solid tumors. In addition to its impact on shaping tumor invasion and metastasis, the hypoxic TME plays an essential role in inducing immune suppression and resistance though fostering diverse changes in stromal cell biology. Therefore, targeting hypoxia may provide a means to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this review, the potential impact of hypoxia within the TME, in terms of key immune cell populations, and the contribution to immune suppression are discussed. In addition, we outline how hypoxia can be manipulated to tailor the immune response and provide a promising combinational therapeutic strategy to improve immunotherapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.