ArticleJournal of anatomy2021
Expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors in human oral tissue.
Article in Journal of anatomy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Presence of SARS-CoV-2 and Its Entry Factors in Oral Tissues and Cells: A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Pooled it
- Should We Be Concerned about the Association of Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal Disease in the Risk of Infection by SARS-CoV-2? A Systematic Review and Hypothesis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Pooled it
- Gene Expression Profiling of SARS-CoV-2 Host Entry Factors in Nasal and Oral Cavities: Evidence from Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2-induced sensory perturbations: A narrative review of clinical phenotypes, molecular pathologies, and possible interventions.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Review
- Submandibular Gland Pathogenesis Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Implications for Xerostomia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Ingredients in Commercially Available Mouthwashes.International dental journal · 2024Review
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pathology and cell tropism in tongue tissues of COVID-19 autopsies.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Pathological changes in oral epithelium and the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors, ACE2 and furin.PloS one · 2024Article
- COVID-19 on Oral Health: A New Bilateral Connection for the Pandemic.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Article
- Detection of SARS-CoV-2 and Its Related Factors on the Mucosal Epithelium of the Tongue.Acta histochemica et cytochemica · 2023Article
- Comparing SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Human Saliva to Oropharyngeal Swabs, Nasopharyngeal Swabs, and Sputum: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2023Review
- Microscopic observations of SARS-CoV-2 like particles in different oral samples.European journal of oral sciences · 2022Article
- Cloaking the ACE2 receptor with salivary cationic proteins inhibits SARS-CoV-2 entry.Journal of biochemistry · 2022Article
- Immunohistochemical expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in superficial and deep maxillofacial tissues: A cross-sectional study.Health science reports · 2022Article
- The Priming Potential of Interferon Lambda-1 for Antiviral Defense in the Oral Mucosa.Inflammation · 2022Article
- Article
- Oral Pathology in COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Molecular Aspects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- WLLP: A weighted reconstruction-based linear label propagation algorithm for predicting potential therapeutic agents for COVID-19.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The distribution of cells expressing SARS-CoV-2 entry factor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) in human oral tissues were tested. The investigation was conducted with normal flesh tissue and paraffin-embedded specimens. The ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression was detected with all subjects in the normal mucosa of the keratinized stratified squamous epithelia of the tongue and non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelia of the lip and cheek. It was found that ACE2 is expressed in the cytoplasm and on the cell membrane mainly in the stratum granulosum of the epithelia while the TMPRSS2 is strongly expressed on the cell membrane mainly in the stratum granulosum and stratum spinosum, but not in the stratum basale. Antibodies' reactions for ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were not observed in the nuclei or keratin layer. The expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the oral epithelia appears to be general, and the expression was also observed in the mucous and serous acini of the labial glands. The SARS-CoV-2 may transiently attach to the oral mucosa and the minor salivary glands which are present under all of the oral mucosa. The oral cavity can be considered an important organ for SARS-CoV-2 attachment and may provide a preventive medical avenue to guard against COVID-19 by preventing saliva from scattering.
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Registered trials
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