Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33421858›Full record

ArticleJournal of affective disorders2021

The role of only-child status in the psychological impact of COVID-19 on mental health of Chinese adolescents.

Yujia Cao, Liyuan Huang, Tong Si, Ning Qun Wang, Miao Qu, Xiang Yang Zhang

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of affective disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
8.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.

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  20. COVID-19 Distress Impacts Adolescents' Depressive Symptoms, NSSI, and Suicide Risk in the Rural, Northeast US.Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53 · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Yujia CaoNeurology Department, Xuan Wu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Xi Cheng, Beijing, 100053, China; Neurology Department, Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Liyuan HuangNeurology Department, Xuan Wu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Xi Cheng, Beijing, 100053, China.
Tong SiNeurology Department, Xuan Wu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Xi Cheng, Beijing, 100053, China.
Ning Qun WangNeurology Department, Xuan Wu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Xi Cheng, Beijing, 100053, China.
Miao QuNeurology Department, Xuan Wu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Xi Cheng, Beijing, 100053, China. Electronic address: qumiao@xwhosp.org.
Xiang Yang ZhangCAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China. Electronic address: zhangxy@psych.ac.cn.
Xuan Wu Hospital of the Capital Medical University · CNBeijing University of Chinese Medicine · CNCapital Medical University · CNShandong Institute of Automation · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on public mental health in 2019 is verified, but the role of only-child status in the mental health of adolescents confined at home during the COVID-19 epidemic has not been investigated and is not clear.

objectiveOur study aims to assess the impact of only-child status on the mental health of adolescents confined at home during the COVID-19 outbreak. The exposure risk to COVID-19, adverse experience, parent-child relationship, and resilience have also been measured and considered.

methodsFrom March 20 to 31, 2020, a cross-sectional survey test was conducted on 11,681 adolescents aged from 12 to 18 years in middle schools (Grade 7 to Grade 9) across five provinces in China. The self-reported online questionnarie was used to collected data of demographic information, the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, the short form of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and the exposure risk to COVID-19.

resultsA total of 11,180 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate of 95.7%. 35.2% of only children and 38.8% of non-only children reported depression symptoms, while 20.5% of only children and 24.7% of non-only children reported anxiety symptoms. It was significant that non-only children were more likely to have anxiety and depression symptoms than only children (OR = 1.164, 95%CI: 1.064-1.273, p = 0.001). The risk of exposure to COVID-19 was a risk factor of depression (OR = 2.284, 95%CI: 1.640-3.180, p < 0.001) and anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.959, 95%CI: 1.402-2.737, p < 0.001) in non-only children, but not in only children. For both only children and non-only children, the resilience and parent-child relationship were protective factors of depression and anxiety symptoms, while emotional abuse was a risk factor (p < 0.001).

conclusionThe non-only children are more likely to develop the symptoms of anxiety and depression than only children, during the outbreak of COVID-19 in China. The adolescents with siblings are psychiatrically more vulnerable to exposure risk of COVID-19 and need more attention, especially those with poor parent-child relationship, low resilience and experience of emotional abuse.

Indexed as

CoronavirusCOVID-19AdolescentAgedAnxietyChildChinaCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionHumansMental HealthOnly ChildSARS-CoV-2Surveys and QuestionnairesAdolescentAnxiety symptomsDepression symptomEpidemicOnly child

Identifiers

PMID33421858
PMCPMC8529236
OpenAlexW3116362751

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.