Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33421797›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2021

Trends in various e-cigarette devices used by high school adolescents from 2017-2019.

Krysten W Bold, Grace Kong, Meghan Morean, Ralitza Gueorguieva, Deepa R Camenga, Patricia Simon, Danielle R Davis, Asti Jackson, Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Using After Action Review to Identify Rapid Response Implementation Strategies for Emerging Drugs Among Youth.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2025
    Trial
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  10. Synthetic Cooling Agents in Australian-Marketed E-cigarette Refill Liquids and Disposable E-cigarettes: Trends Follow the U.S. Market.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Krysten W BoldDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States. Electronic address: krysten.bold@yale.edu.
Grace KongDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
Meghan MoreanDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
Ralitza GueorguievaDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States.
Deepa R CamengaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
Patricia SimonDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
Danielle R DavisDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
Asti JacksonDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
Suchitra Krishnan-SarinDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
Yale University · US

Funding

Yale Clinical and Translational Science Award (U Component)UL1TR001863 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI John H. Krystal, LUCILA OHNO-MACHADO · 2016 to 2026
$102.9M
Yale Center for the Study of Tobacco Product Use and Addiction (YCSTP) Project 2: Addictive Threshold of Nicotine and the Impact of SweetenersU54DA036151 · NIDA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI LISA M FUCITO · 2018 to 2026
$41.6M
Yale Tobacco Center of Regulatory ScienceP50DA036151 · NIDA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI KRISHNAN-SARIN, SUCHITRA, O'MALLEY, STEPHANIE S · 2013 to 2017
$20.6M
SUBSTANCE ABUSEK12DA000167 · NIDA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI STEPHANIE S O'MALLEY, Marc N Potenza · 1991 to 2026
$17.7M
Research Training Fellowship in Substance use and Addiction (RTFSA)T32DA007238 · NIDA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI BRIAN D. KILUK, ISMENE L. PETRAKIS · 1988 to 2026
$5.7M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001863NIDA NIH HHS K12 DA000167NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA036151NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA007238NIDA NIH HHS U54 DA036151
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAdolescent e-cigarette use has increased recently; however, little is known about trends in use of specific devices by youth. This study aims to 1) compare rates of e-cigarette device use over time, 2) examine changes in frequency of device use, and 3) identify predictors of device use.

methodsCross-sectional surveys were distributed school-wide across 4 diverse Connecticut high-schools in 2017, 2018, 2019 and assessed current (i.e., past-30-day) use of various e-cigarette devices: disposables/cig-a-likes, vape pens, mods, JUULs, and other rechargeable pod devices (added in 2018 and 2019). Analyses compared rates of device use and frequency (i.e., number of days used in past 30) over time. Multivariable logistic regression models examined demographic and tobacco use characteristics (e.g., age first trying e-cigarettes) as predictors of current use of each device type in 2019.

resultsFrom 2017-2019, rates of using JUUL, disposables/cig-a-likes, and vape pens increased significantly, while use of mods and other pod devices decreased (ps<.001). Over 59 % of youth reported using more than one e-cigarette device in 2019. Over time, more youth were frequent users (using ≥20 out of 30 days) of disposable/cig-a-likes (32 % to >46 %) and JUUL (28 % to >35 %) devices. In multivariable models, first trying e-cigarettes at a younger age was associated with current use of disposable/cig-a-like, vape pens, mods, and other rechargeable pod devices.

conclusionsFrom 2017-2019, JUUL, disposable/cig-a-like, and vape pens increased in popularity and were used frequently. Tobacco regulations designed to reduce youth use should consider various device types.

Indexed as

AdolescentConnecticutCross-Sectional StudiesElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsFemaleHumansMaleSchoolsTobacco ProductsTobacco UseVapingAdolescente-cigaretteElectronic cigaretteTobaccoYouth

Identifiers

PMID33421797
PMCPMC7861878
OpenAlexW3113412827

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.