ReviewThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2021
Pitfalls in Performing and Interpreting Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling: Personal Experience and Literature Review.
Review in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Surgical strategies in the treatment of MR-negative Cushing's Disease: a systematic review and treatment algorithm.Pituitary · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Catheterization of the petrosal sinus: possible advantage of desmopressin stimulation in Cushing disease.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Consensus Guidelines on Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling: A Guideline From the Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology Guidelines and Practice Standards Committee.Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Prolactinoma localization by inferior petrosal sinus sampling: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2026Article
- Case Report: Continuous block-and-replace strategy with osilodrostat in a patient with cyclic Cushing's syndrome.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Ultrasound-Guided Jugular Vein Access for Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling: A Safe and Feasible Technique.Cureus · 2025Article
- Prolactin-adjusted inferior petrosal sinus sampling: Pituitary and ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-dependent Cushing syndrome.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT in the Localization of Pituitary Tumors in Cushing's Disease.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Article
- False-Negative Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling in Young-Onset Cushing Disease: What Happens Next.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2025Article
- Repeat endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for residual or recurrent Cushing's disease: safety, feasibility, and success.Pituitary · 2024Article
- [Diagnostic value of bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling in various modifications and methods of radiation and radionuclide imaging in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent endogenous hypercortisolism].Problemy endokrinologii · 2024Article
- Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling: validity, diagnostic accuracy in lateralization of pituitary microadenoma, and treatment in eleven patients with Cushing's syndrome - a single-center retrospective cohort study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2023Article
- Continuing Challenges in the Definitive Diagnosis of Cushing's Disease: A Structured Review Focusing on Molecular Imaging and a Proposal for Diagnostic Work-Up.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- ACTH-Producing Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Liver with Cushing's Syndrome.Case reports in oncological medicine · 2023Article
- Approach to the Patient: Diagnosis of Cushing Syndrome.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
- Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling in the diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome: experience in a tertiary hospital.Advances in laboratory medicine · 2022Article
- Molecular Derangements and the Diagnosis of ACTH-Dependent Cushing's Syndrome.Endocrine reviews · 2022Review
- Rare case of renal Ewing sarcoma presenting as ectopic Cushing syndrome in a 12-year-old girl.BMJ case reports · 2022Article
- Update in Cushing disease: What the neurosurgeon has to KNOW, on behalf of the EANS skull base section.Brain & spine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
contextInferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) helps differentiate the source of ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism in patients with inconclusive biochemical testing and imaging, and is considered the gold standard for distinguishing Cushing disease (CD) from ectopic ACTH syndrome. We present a comprehensive approach to interpreting IPSS results by examining several real cases. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: We performed a comprehensive review of the IPSS literature using PubMed since IPSS was first described in 1977. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: IPSS cannot be used to confirm the diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome (CS). It is essential to establish ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism before the procedure. IPSS must be performed by an experienced interventional or neuroradiologist because successful sinus cannulation relies on operator experience. In patients with suspected cyclical CS, it is important to demonstrate the presence of hypercortisolism before IPSS. Concurrent measurement of IPS prolactin levels is useful to confirm adequate IPS venous efflux. This is essential in patients who lack an IPS-to-peripheral (IPS:P) ACTH gradient, suggesting an ectopic source. The prolactin-adjusted IPS:P ACTH ratio can improve differentiation between CD and ectopic ACTH syndrome when there is a lack of proper IPS venous efflux. In patients who have unilateral successful IPS cannulation, a contralateral source cannot be excluded. The value of the intersinus ACTH ratio to predict tumor lateralization may be improved using a prolactin-adjusted ACTH ratio, but this requires further evaluation.
conclusionA stepwise approach in performing and interpreting IPSS will provide clinicians with the best information from this important but delicate procedure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.