ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2021
Sex differences in the association of childhood socioeconomic position and later-life depressive symptoms in Europe: the mediating effect of education.
Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- An alternative to causal mediation for inequality research: which questions can be answered?Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- Childhood socio-economic disadvantages versus adverse care experiences: Mediation and moderation impacts on late-life depressive symptoms.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2024Article
- Educational attainment and anxiety in middle-aged and older Europeans.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Retrospective reports of socioeconomic disadvantage in childhood and mortality risk: are associations consistent across measures and sex?GeroScience · 2023Article
- Relationship between subjective socioeconomic status and sense of gain of health-care reform and the mediating role of self-rated health: a cross-sectional study in China.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Role of sex in the association between childhood socioeconomic position and cognitive ageing in later life.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWe aimed to study sex differences in the association of childhood socioeconomic position (SEP) with later-life depressive symptoms, the mediating effect of education and explore regional differences across Europe.
methodsThe study included 58,851 participants (55% women, mean age 65 years) from the multicentre, population-based Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Interviews were conducted in six waves and included measurements of childhood SEP (household characteristics at the age of 10) and depressive symptoms (EURO-D scale). Linear regression was used to study the association of childhood SEP with depressive symptoms, adjusting for covariates, and structural equation modelling assessed the mediating effect of education.
resultsIn the fully adjusted model, higher childhood SEP was associated with lower depressive symptoms with a greater magnitude in women (B = - 0.07; 95% CI - 0.08, - 0.05) than in men (B = - 0.02; 95% CI - 0.03, - 0.00). Relative to men, childhood SEP had 3 times greater direct effect on depressive symptoms in women, and education had 3.7 times stronger mediating effect against childhood SEP. These associations and the sex differences were particularly pronounced in Southern, Central and Eastern Europe.
conclusionGrowing up in poor socioeconomic conditions is a stronger risk factor for the development of depressive symptoms for women than for men. Education may have a stronger preventive potential for women in reducing the adverse effects of childhood socioeconomic hardship. Central and Eastern European populations experience disproportionately higher risk of later-life depression due to lower SEP and greater sex differences.
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