SynthesisEuropean archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry2021
What is the best long-term treatment modality for immature permanent teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis?
Synthesis in European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed.
- The outcome of pulp revascularization of necrotic mature permanent teeth with periapical lesions using platelet-rich fibrin versus induced bleeding: a prospective preliminary randomized clinical trial.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Trial
- A randomized controlled trial comparing novel and traditional apical barrier techniques in endodontic procedures.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Trial
- Orthograde Apical Barrier in Non-Vital Immature Permanent Teeth: A Narrative Review of Clinical Pathways, Procedural Determinants, and Evidence Gaps.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Root-like apical hard-tissue structure associated with apical periodontitis in an immature permanent tooth: a case report and literature review.BMC oral health · 2026Review
- Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Biologically-based Regenerative Endodontic Procedures in the Healing of Periapically Involved Young, Immature Permanent Teeth With/Without Using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate.International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry · 2026Article
- Effects of stem cells derived from the apical papilla (SCAP) on dental pulp outcomes: the influence of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).Regenerative therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- Pulp Therapies Rooted in Evidence: IAPD Porto Declaration.International journal of paediatric dentistry · 2026Article
- Clinical Application of Inflammatory Vital Pulp Therapy in Immature Permanent Teeth: A Retrospective Case Series.Case reports in dentistry · 2026Article
- Managing a Complicated Crown Fracture of a Central Incisor: A Case Report With 1-Year Follow-Up.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Effect of low-level laser on proliferation, angiogenic and dentinogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Review
- Endodontic Reapproach in a Tooth With External Resorption: Case Report.Case reports in dentistry · 2025Article
- Regenerative endodontic therapy assisted by a concentrated growth factor scaffold for bilateral symmetrical dens evaginatus fractures in permanent teeth: a case report.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Micro-CT Analysis of Apical Plug Using Various Premixed Bio-ceramic Putties: An In Vitro Study.European endodontic journal · 2025Article
- Comparing the technical quality and clinical outcomes of root canal treatment on immature permanent incisors in children: a retrospective evaluation of three bioceramic plug materials.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2024Article
- Successful retreatment of a maxillary central incisor with a wide-open apex using MTA to fill the entire canal: 24-year follow-up.Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc · 2024Article
- Role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in the regeneration of different tissues.Journal of biological engineering · 2024Review
- Differential expression of circRNAs during osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla promoted by blue light-emitting diode.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Impact of using XP-endo finisher and nanobubble water during EDTA dentin conditioning on TGF-β1 release in regenerative endodontic procedures.BMC oral health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate and assess the current knowledge about apexification and regenerative techniques as a meaningful treatment modality and to map the scientific evidence for the efficacy of both methods for the management of traumatised immature teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis.
methodsThis systematic review searched five databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Ovid (Medline), and Embase. Published articles written in English were considered for inclusion. The following keywords were used: Regenerative endodontic treatment OR regenerat* OR revital* OR endodontic regeneration OR regenerative endodontics OR pulp revascularization OR revasculari* OR 'traumatized immature teeth'. Only peer-reviewed studies with a study size of at least 20 cases followed up for 24 months were included. Eligibility assessment was performed independently in a blinded manner by three reviewers and disagreements were resolved by consensus. Subgroup analyses were performed on three clinical outcomes: survival, success, and continued root development.
resultsSeven full texts out of 1359 citations were included and conventional content analysis was performed. Most of the identified citations were case reports and case series.
conclusionsIn the present systematic review, the qualitative analysis revealed that both regenerative and apexification techniques had equal rates of success and survival and proved to be effective in the treatment of immature necrotic permanent teeth. Endodontic regenerative techniques appear to be superior to apexification techniques in terms of stimulation of root maturation, i.e. root wall thickening and root lengthening. Knowledge gaps were identified regarding the treatment and follow-up protocols for both techniques.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.