SynthesisChild psychiatry and human development2022
Sex Differences in Age at Onset and Presentation of Trichotillomania and Trichobezoar: A 120-Year Systematic Review of Cases.
Synthesis in Child psychiatry and human development, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gastrointestinal Bezoars in Children: Clinical Characteristics, Contributing Factors, and Treatment Outcomes.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Trichobezoar-associated jejunojejunal intussusception: an exceptionally rare manifestation of Rapunzel syndrome.Journal of surgical case reports · 2026Article
- Pediatric Psychodermatology: Advancing Therapy through Integrated Care.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Gastrointestinal bezoars: two distinct cases illustrating diagnostic and surgical challenges.International journal of surgery case reports · 2026Article
- Trichobezoar-Induced Small Bowel Obstruction in a Pediatric Patient: A Report of a Rare Case.Cureus · 2025Article
- Bridging the Gap between Dermatology and Psychiatry: A Review on Quality of Life in Trichotillomania and Special Considerations in Management.Skin appendage disorders · 2024Review
- Clinical Characteristics, Sleep, and Temperament in Infants and Young Children with Problematic Hair Pulling and Skin Picking.Cognitive therapy and research · 2024Article
- Article
- The Rapunzel syndrome: a hairy tale.Surgical case reports · 2023Article
- Gastric Outlet Obstruction and Iron Deficiency Anemia Secondary to Gastric Bezoar: A Case Report.Cureus · 2023Article
- Hair loss in an infant presenting with failure to thrive.SAGE open medical case reports · 2021Article
- Trichobezoar Found Accidently while Diagnosing Resistance to Thyroid Hormone.Case reports in gastroenterologyArticle
- The Role of Sex and Gender in Dermatology - From Pathogenesis to Clinical Implications.Journal of cutaneous medicine and surgeryReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) has high female preponderance. It has been suggested that onset in early childhood represents a distinct developmental subtype that is characterized by higher prevalence of males compared to later onset cases. However, the empirical literature is scarce. We conducted a systematic review of case reports to examine the distribution of age at onset/presentation in males and females with trichotillomania or trichobezoar (a mass of hair in the gastrointestinal tract resulting from ingesting hair). We identified 1065 individuals with trichotillomania and 1248 with trichobezoar. In both samples, males, compared to females, had earlier age at presentation and greater proportion of cases in early childhood. These sex differences remained after potential confounding variables were accounted for. The results showed similar sex differences for age at onset, which was reported in 734 and 337 of the trichotillomania and trichobezoar cases, respectively. The findings may reflect neurodevelopmental underpinnings in early childhood trichotillomania.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.