ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Inflaming the Brain with Iron.
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers.
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Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Defining biomaterial-driven design principles for bioabsorbable flow diverters: current state and perspectives.Bioactive materials · 2027Review
- A frontotemporal dementia-like phenotype in schizophrenia: links to striatal dopamine and iron accumulation.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Observational
- Differential Effects of Cannabidiol and Cannabigerol on Cognition, Neuroinflammation, and Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity in a Rat Model of Iron Overload.Neurotoxicity research · 2026Article
- ACSL4 in Alzheimer's disease: Pathogenetic mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Review
- Iron-induced Oxidative Stress and Anxiety-like Behavior in Wistar Rats Following Systemic Iron Administration.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Characterizing ferrous versus ferric iron in Alzheimer's disease using X-ray fluorescence imaging and XANES spectroscopy.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- Effects of Stress Coping Styles and Social Defeat on Zebrafish Behaviour and Brain Transcriptomics.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- Acidosis, Iron Dyshomeostasis and Inflammatory Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Ginsenoside-Mediated Ferroptosis Regulation: Bidirectional Effects and Therapeutic Potential in Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis: an emerging key mechanism linking aging, surgical and anesthetic exposure to postoperative cognitive dysfunction.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- SS-31 improves post-cardiac arrest brain injury by inhibiting microglial ferroptosis and polarization.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- Gestational and Lactational Exposure to BPS Triggers Microglial Ferroptosis via the SLC7A11/GPX4 Antioxidant Axis and Induces Memory Impairment in Offspring Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The role of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: from the perspective of ferroptosis.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2025Review
- Development of Zebrafish model for Iron Induced Neuroinflammation.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2025Article
- Schisandrin A ameliorates the diabetes-associated memory impairment by alleviating inflammation and ferroptosis.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2025Article
- Neuroferritinopathy Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Astrocytes Reveal an Active Role of Free Intracellular Iron in Astrocyte Reactivity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Ferroptosis as a potential molecular mechanism of bipolar disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2025Review
- Effects of iron accumulation and its chelation on oxidative stress in intracortical implants.Acta biomaterialia · 2025Article
- 5-HTCNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Iron accumulation and neuroinflammation are pathological conditions found in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Iron and inflammation are intertwined in a bidirectional relationship, where iron modifies the inflammatory phenotype of microglia and infiltrating macrophages, and in turn, these cells secrete diffusible mediators that reshape neuronal iron homeostasis and regulate iron entry into the brain. Secreted inflammatory mediators include cytokines and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), notably hepcidin and nitric oxide (·NO). Hepcidin is a small cationic peptide with a central role in regulating systemic iron homeostasis. Also present in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), hepcidin can reduce iron export from neurons and decreases iron entry through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by binding to the iron exporter ferroportin 1 (Fpn1). Likewise, ·NO selectively converts cytosolic aconitase (c-aconitase) into the iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1), which regulates cellular iron homeostasis through its binding to iron response elements (IRE) located in the mRNAs of iron-related proteins. Nitric oxide-activated IRP1 can impair cellular iron homeostasis during neuroinflammation, triggering iron accumulation, especially in the mitochondria, leading to neuronal death. In this review, we will summarize findings that connect neuroinflammation and iron accumulation, which support their causal association in the neurodegenerative processes observed in AD and PD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.