ReviewCancers2021
IL-12 Family Cytokines in Cancer and Immunotherapy.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 176 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
176 citing papers in PubMed, 280 citations in OpenAlex.
- A phase I trial of SON-1010, a tumor-targeted, interleukin-12-linked, albumin-binding cytokine, shows favorable pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety in healthy volunteers.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Trial
- Sulfur Vacancy-Enriched CuAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- IL-12p40 drives oral squamous cell carcinoma progression via MMPs and IL-12Rβ1/STAT3 signaling.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- SATB1 is a targetable modulator of JAK-STAT signaling and cytokines in human Treg and Tconv cells.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Multiplexed cytokine and antigen mRNA administration generates durable anti-tumor immunity against pancreatic cancer.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Dual-system engineered bacteria and dendritic cells enable precise intratumoral IL-12 delivery and potent antitumor immunity.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Therapeutic Poxviruses Induce the Secretion of Immunostimulating and Anti-Tumoral Extracellular Vesicles.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Interleukin 12-tethered nano-aluminum adjuvant orchestrates environmental immunomodulation to empower cytotoxic T cells against solid tumors.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- Enhancing immune protection in dairy cattle: role ofmSphere · 2026Article
- A low-toxicity circular single-stranded DNA platform for safe and potent IL-12 immunotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Capecitabine combined with fecal microbiota transplantation prevents colorectal cancer progression through correction of microbial dysbiosis and immune regulation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Role of Cytokines in Oligometastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Stereotactic Radiation Therapy: An Observational Pilot Study.Biomolecules · 2026Observational
- The effect of resiquimod (a Toll-like receptor-7/8 agonist) on the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in breast cancer patients.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- SATB1 is a targetable modulator of JAK-STAT signaling and cytokines in human Treg and Tconv cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- HBV reprograms the tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Bidirectional Mendelian randomization identifies differential causal associations between inflammatory cytokines and lung cancer subtypes.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Modulating tumor mechanics and vascular barriers to enhance chemotherapy efficacy in pancreatic tumors and melanoma.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026Article
- Therapeutic application of IL-12 for cancer therapy.Translational cancer research · 2026Review
- [Clinical Progress and Prospects of mRNA Tumor Drugs].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2026Review
116 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The IL-12 family cytokines are a group of unique heterodimeric cytokines that include IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, IL-35 and, most recently, IL-39. Recent studies have solidified the importance of IL-12 cytokines in shaping innate and adaptive immune responses in cancer and identified multipronged roles for distinct IL-12 family members, ranging from effector to regulatory immune functions. These cytokines could serve as promising candidates for the development of immunomodulatory therapeutic approaches. Overall, IL-12 can be considered an effector cytokine and has been found to engage anti-tumor immunity by activating the effector Th1 response, which is required for the activation of cytotoxic T and NK cells and tumor clearance. IL-23 and IL-27 play dual roles in tumor immunity, as they can both activate effector immune responses and promote tumor growth by favoring immune suppression. IL-35 is a potent regulatory cytokine and plays a largely pro-tumorigenic role by inhibiting effector T cells. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on IL-12 family cytokines in the control of tumor growth with an emphasis primarily on immune regulation. We underscore the clinical implications for the use of these cytokines either in the setting of monotherapy or in combination with other conventional therapies for the more effective treatment of malignancies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.