ReviewCancers2021
PD-L1/PD-1 Axis in Multiple Myeloma Microenvironment and a Possible Link with CD38-Mediated Immune-Suppression.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic Function of Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Without Preoperative Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Enhancing immunotherapy efficacy in multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia: from combinatorial therapeutic approaches to gut microbiota modulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunologic Combinations in Multiple Myeloma: Synergistic Stimulation with T cells and NK cells.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- CyTOF profiling of bone marrow immune dynamics across myeloma stages.Oncoimmunology · 2025Article
- Illuminating the impact of CD38-induced adenosine formation in B-cell lymphoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Depletion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells sensitizes murine multiple myeloma to PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Cholesterol metabolism reprogramming in multiple myeloma: examining its specificity and impact on the immune microenvironment.American journal of cancer research · 2025Review
- Shedding Light on the Role of Exosomal PD-L1 (ExoPD-L1) in Cancer Progression: an Update.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2024Review
- Article
- Multiple myeloma and the potential of new checkpoint inhibitors for immunotherapy.Therapeutic advances in vaccines and immunotherapy · 2024Review
- Current evidence of PD-1 and PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors for esophageal cancer: an updated meta-analysis and synthesis of ongoing clinical trials.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2024Article
- Safety and efficacy of letetresgene autoleucel alone or with pembrolizumab for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.Blood advances · 2023Article
- Hsp70, in Combination with IL-15 and PD-1 Blocker, Interferes with The Induction of Cytotoxic NK Cells in Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients.Cell journal · 2023Article
- Review
- Regulation of CD38 on Multiple Myeloma and NK Cells by Monoclonal Antibodies.International journal of biological sciences · 2022Review
- The role of PD-1/PD-L1 and application of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in human cancers.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Harnessing the Immune System to Fight Multiple Myeloma.Cancers · 2021Review
- Metabolic Swifts Govern Normal and Malignant B Cell Lymphopoiesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- PD-L1 correlated gene expression profiles and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in pancreatic cancer.International journal of medical sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The emerging role of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in MM immune-microenvironment has been highlighted by several studies. However, discordant data have been reported on PD-1/PD-L1 distribution within the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment of patients with monoclonal gammopathies. In addition, the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade as a therapeutic strategy to reverse myeloma immune suppression and inhibit myeloma cell survival still remains unknown. Recent data suggest that, among the potential mechanisms behind the lack of responsiveness or resistance to anti-PD-L1/PD-1 antibodies, the CD38 metabolic pathways involving the immune-suppressive factor, adenosine, could play an important role. This review summarizes the available data on PD-1/PD-L1 expression in patients with MM, reporting the main mechanisms of regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 axis. The possible link between the CD38 and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways is also reported, highlighting the rationale for the potential use of a combined therapeutic approach with CD38 blocking agents and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in order to improve their anti-tumoral effect in MM patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.