ArticleBone2021
Changes in marrow adipose tissue in relation to changes in bone parameters following estradiol replacement in adolescent and young adult females with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea.
Article in Bone, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2025 Update to the Female Athlete Triad Coalition Consensus Statement Part 2: Clinical Guidelines for Screening, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Return to Play for Adolescents and Adults.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Guideline
- Artificial gravity protects bone and prevents bone marrow adipose tissue accumulation in humans during 60 d of bed rest.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2025Trial
- Bone marrow adiposity modulation after long duration spaceflight in astronauts.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Marrow adipose tissue is increased in overweight and obese women with PCOS independently of hyperandrogenism related obesity and metabolic disorders.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Dietary Saturated Fat and Bone Health in Young Adults: The Young Finns Cohort.Calcified tissue international · 2022Observational
- 3T-MRI-based age, sex and site-specific markers of musculoskeletal health in healthy children and young adults.Endocrine connections · 2022Article
- Bone Perspectives in Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhoea: An Update and Future Avenues.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextLow energy availability causes disruption of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion leading to functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) and hypoestrogenism, which in turn contributes to decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased bone marrow adipose tissue (MAT). Transdermal estradiol administration in physiologic doses increases BMD in adolescents and adults with FHA. However, the impact of estrogen replacement on MAT in relation to changes in BMD has not been studied in adolescents and young adults. We hypothesized that physiologic estrogen replacement would lead to decreases in MAT, associated with increases in BMD. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We studied 15 adolescent and young adult females with FHA (14-25 years). All participants received a17β- estradiol transdermal patch at a dose of 0.1 mg/day (applied twice weekly) for 12 months. Participants also received cyclic progestin for 10-12 days each month. We quantified MAT (lipid/water ratio) of the fourth lumbar (L4) vertebral body and femoral diaphysis by single proton (1H)-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and compartmental volumetric BMD of the distal radius and tibia using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography.
resultsTransdermal estradiol therapy over 12 months resulted in a decrease in MAT at the lumbar (L4) vertebra from 0.92 ± 0.55 at baseline to 0.63 ± 0.29 at 12-months (p = 0.008), and an increase in radial and tibial cortical vBMD (p = 0.006, p = 0.0003). Changes in L4 MAT trended to be inversely associated with changes in radial cortical vBMD (rho = -0.47, p = 0.08).
conclusionWe show that in adolescent and young adult girls with FHA, MAT decreases following transdermal estrogen therapy and these changes are associated with increased cortical vBMD.
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Registered trials
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