ArticleSleep2021
Does investing in low-income urban neighborhoods improve sleep?
Article in Sleep, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Neighborhoods and sleep health among adults: A systematic review.Sleep health · 2022Pooled it
- A quantitative intersectional approach to measuring change in built environment amenities and the association with mortality in U.S. counties.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- Short and disrupted sleep is related to perceptions of neighborhood in pregnant African American women of low socioeconomic status.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Anticipating Racism is Associated with Poorer Sleep Among Adults Racialized as Black.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Mediating Pathways Between Neighborhood Structural Investment and Cardiometabolic Health Across U.S. Cities.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Predictors of Racial Socialization among Black Families: Neighborhood Factors, Racial Discrimination, and Depressive Symptoms.Journal of child and family studies · 2026Article
- Sustained impacts of neighborhood investments on sleep health over a 5-year period: Insights from a natural experiment in two urban neighborhoods in the United States.Sleep health · 2025Article
- Interactions among neighborhood conditions, sleep quality, and episodic memory across the adult lifespan.Ethnicity & health · 2024Article
- Article
- Addressing sleep deserts: A proposed call for action.Sleep health · 2024Article
- An Update on Sleep Duration, Obesity, and Mortality Risk in Women.Sleep medicine clinics · 2023Review
- The perceived neighborhood walking environment and self-reported sleep health in a nationally representative sample of the United States.Health & place · 2023Article
- Short Sleep Duration: Children's Mental, Behavioral, and Developmental Disorders and Demographic, Neighborhood, and Family Context in a Nationally Representative Sample, 2016-2019.Preventing chronic disease · 2023Article
- Longitudinal associations between sleep and BMI in a low-income, predominantly Black American sample.Sleep health · 2023Article
- Risk of COPD exacerbation is increased by poor sleep quality and modified by social adversity.Sleep · 2022Observational
- The impact of Timothy's Law on hospitalization among patients with mental health conditions in New York State.International journal of mental health systems · 2022Article
- Article
- Sleep Disturbances, Changes in Sleep, and Cognitive Function in Low-Income African Americans.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesNeighborhood disadvantage is associated with poor sleep, which may contribute to and exacerbate racial and socioeconomic health disparities. Most prior work has been cross-sectional and thus it has not been possible to estimate causal effects.
methodsWe leveraged a natural experiment opportunity in two low-income, predominantly African American Pittsburgh, PA neighborhoods, following a randomly selected cohort of households (n = 676) between 2013 and 2016. One of the neighborhoods received substantial public and private investments (housing, commercial) over the study period, while the other socio-demographically similar neighborhood received far fewer investments. Primary analyses used a difference-in-difference analysis based on neighborhood, to examine changes in actigraphy-assessed sleep duration, efficiency, and wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO), and self-reported sleep quality. Secondary analyses examined whether residents' proximity to investments, regardless of neighborhood, was associated with changes in sleep outcomes.
resultsResident sleep worsened over time in both neighborhoods with no significant differences among residents between the two neighborhoods. Secondary analyses, including covariate adjustment and propensity score weighting to improve comparability, indicated that regardless of neighborhood, those who lived in closer proximity to investments (<0.1 mile) were significantly less likely to experience decreases in sleep duration, efficiency, and quality, or increases in WASO, compared to those who lived farther away.
conclusionsWhile we did not observe sleep differences among residents between neighborhoods, living closer to a neighborhood investment was associated with better sleep outcomes. Findings have relevance for public health and policy efforts focused on investing in historically disinvested neighborhoods.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.