ReviewClinical chemistry2021
Forever Connected: The Lifelong Biological Consequences of Fetomaternal and Maternofetal Microchimerism.
Review in Clinical chemistry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reappraising the topology of cell-free fetal DNA in maternal blood toward improved prenatal genetic diagnostics.Science advances · 2026Review
- Microchimerism: The Hidden Cellular Dialogue Between Mother and Fetal That Shapes Lifelong Immunity.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Exploring donor-derived cell-free DNA as a rejection biomarker during uterus transplant follow up.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Mesenchymal stem cells for recurrent miscarriage.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Decoding the immunological triad of TLRs, B1 cells, and feto-maternal microchimerism in pre-eclampsia pathogenesis: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Identifying Key Questions and Challenges in Microchimerism Biology.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Article
- Parkinson's Spectrum Mechanisms in Pregnancy: Exploring Hypothetical Scenarios for MSA in the Era of ART.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Micro-to multi-chimerism: the multiple facets of a singular phenomenon.Seminars in immunopathology · 2025Review
- Maternal microchimeric cell trafficking and its biological consequences depend on the onset of inflammation at the feto-maternal interface.Seminars in immunopathology · 2025Review
- From seabed to sickbed: lessons gained from allorecognition in marine invertebrates.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The Microchimerism Literature Atlas.Bioinformatics and biology insights · 2025Article
- Birth Order and Family Size of UK Biobank Subjects Identified as Asexual, Bisexual, Heterosexual, or Homosexual According to Self-Reported Sexual Histories.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- Clinical relevance of feto-maternal microchimerism in (hematopoietic stem cell) transplantation.Seminars in immunopathology · 2024Review
- Fetal microchimeric cells influence maternal lung health following term and preterm births.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Deciphering the Role of Maternal Microchimerism in Offspring Autoimmunity: A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Y-chromosome in the olfactory neuroepithelium as a potential biomarker of depression in women with male offspring: an exploratory study.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Article
- Pregnancy induced displacement of preexisting microchimeric cells in the absence of maternal B and T cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Enhanced fetal hematopoiesis in response to symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy.Communications medicine · 2023Article
- Fetal microchimerism, pregnancy epiphenomenon or kinship indicator?Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOriginally studied as a mechanism to understand eclampsia-related deaths during pregnancy, fetal cells in maternal blood have more recently garnered attention as a noninvasive source of fetal material for prenatal testing. In the 21st century, however, intact fetal cells have been largely supplanted by circulating cell-free placental DNA for aneuploidy screening. Instead, interest has pivoted to the ways in which fetal cells influence maternal biology. In parallel, an increasing appreciation of the consequences of maternal cells in the developing fetus has occurred. CONTENT: In this review, we highlight the potential clinical applications and functional consequences of the bidirectional trafficking of intact cells between a pregnant woman and her fetus. Fetal cells play a potential role in the pathogenesis of maternal disease and tissue repair. Maternal cells play an essential role in educating the fetal immune system and as a factor in transplant acceptance. Naturally occurring maternal microchimerism is also being explored as a source of hematopoietic stem cells for transplant in fetal hematopoietic disorders. SUMMARY: Future investigations in humans need to include complete pregnancy histories to understand maternal health and transplant success or failure. Animal models are useful to understand the mechanisms underlying fetal wound healing and/or repair associated with maternal injury and inflammation. The lifelong consequences of the exchange of cells between a mother and her child are profound and have many applications in development, health, and disease. This intricate exchange of genetically foreign cells creates a permanent connection that contributes to the survival of both individuals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.