Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33417139›Full record

ArticleProtein & cell2022

Cardioprotective mechanism of SGLT2 inhibitor against myocardial infarction is through reduction of autosis.

Kai Jiang, Yue Xu, Dandan Wang, Feng Chen, Zizhuo Tu, Jie Qian, Sheng Xu, Yixiang Xu, John Hwa, Jian Li and 2 more

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Protein & cell, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
106citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
24.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

106 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 174 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Empagliflozin in STEMI Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Left Ventricular Recovery and Cardiovascular Outcomes.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2026
    Trial
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Discovery of vasodilatory effects of NaActa pharmacologica Sinica · 2026
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. SGLT2 inhibitors and acute kidney injury.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026
    Review
  15. Berberine: A Negentropic Modulator for Multi-System Coordination.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review

46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Kai Jiang *Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Yue Xu *Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Dandan WangShanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Feng ChenShanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Zizhuo TuShanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Jie QianShanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Sheng XuShanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Yixiang XuState Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
John HwaSection of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
Jian LiState Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
Hongcai ShangKey Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
Yaozu XiangShanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China. yaozu.xiang@tongji.edu.cn.
Shanghai East Hospital · CNDongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine · CNEast China University of Science and Technology · CNYale University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus but the protective mechanism remains elusive. Here we demonstrated that the SGLT2 inhibitor, Empagliflozin (EMPA), suppresses cardiomyocytes autosis (autophagic cell death) to confer cardioprotective effects. Using myocardial infarction (MI) mouse models with and without diabetes mellitus, EMPA treatment significantly reduced infarct size, and myocardial fibrosis, thereby leading to improved cardiac function and survival. In the context of ischemia and nutritional glucose deprivation where autosis is already highly stimulated, EMPA directly inhibits the activity of the Na

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Myocardial InfarctionSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAnimalsGlucoseHumansMiceVentricular RemodelingGlucoseSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitorsautosiscardioprotectionempagliflozinmyocardial infarctionNHE1SGLT2 inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID33417139
PMCPMC9008115
OpenAlexW3118865238

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.