Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33416979›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2021

Buttermilk: an important source of lipid soluble forms of choline that influences the immune system development in Sprague-Dawley rat offspring.

Jessy Azarcoya-Barrera, Catherine J Field, Susan Goruk, Alexander Makarowski, Jonathan M Curtis, Yves Pouliot, René L Jacobs, Caroline Richard

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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jessy Azarcoya-BarreraDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Center for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, 4-002G Li Ka Shing, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada.
Catherine J FieldDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Center for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, 4-002G Li Ka Shing, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada.
Susan GorukDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Center for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, 4-002G Li Ka Shing, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada.
Alexander MakarowskiDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Center for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, 4-002G Li Ka Shing, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada.
Jonathan M CurtisDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Center for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, 4-002G Li Ka Shing, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada.
Yves PouliotSTELA Dairy Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
René L JacobsDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Center for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, 4-002G Li Ka Shing, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada.
Caroline RichardDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Center for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, 4-002G Li Ka Shing, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada. cr5@ualberta.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1775-6464
University of Alberta · CAUniversité Laval · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo determine the effect of feeding buttermilk-derived choline metabolites on the immune system development in Sprague-Dawley rat pups.

methodsSprague-Dawley dams were randomized to one of the three diets containing 1.7 g/kg choline: 1-Control (100% free choline (FC)), 2-Buttermilk (BM, 37% phosphatidylcholine (PC), 34% sphingomyelin (SM), 17% glycerophosphocholine (GPC), 7% FC, 5% phosphocholine), and 3-Placebo (PB, 50% PC, 25% FC, 25% GPC) until the end of the lactation period. At weaning, pups continued on the same diet as their mom. Cell phenotypes and cytokine production by mitogen-stimulated splenocytes isolated from 3- and 10-week-old pups were measured.

resultsAt 3 weeks, BM-pups had a higher proportion of cytotoxic T cells (CTL; CD3 + CD8 +) while both BM- and PB-pups had an increased proportion of cells expressing CD28 + , CD86 + and CD27 + (all p > 0.05). Following ConA stimulation, splenocytes from BM- and PB-pups produced more TNF-α and IFN-γ and after LPS stimulation produced more IL-10 and TNF-α (all p > 0.05). Starting at week 6 of age, BM-pups had a higher body weight. At 10 weeks, both the BM- and PB-pups had a higher proportion of CTL expressing CD27 + . After ConA stimulation, splenocytes from BM- and PB-pups produced more IL-2, IFN-γ and IL-6 and more IL-10 after LPS stimulation (all p > 0.05).

conclusionThe proportion of lipid soluble forms of choline in the diet during lactation and weaning periods influence the immune system development in rat offspring.

Indexed as

ButtermilkCholineAnimalsFemaleHumansImmune SystemLactationLipidsMaternal Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyCholineLipidsCholine formsDevelopmentLactation periodNutritional immunologyWeaning period

Identifiers

PMID33416979
OpenAlexW3120977825

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.